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ELIZABETH APPLEBAUM
AppleTree Editor
W
hat Purim Is All About:
Queen Esther and
Mordechai thwart the plans
of Haman to kill all the Jews during
the reign of King Ahasuerus of ancient
Persia (4th century BCE).
• When It Occurs: Purim is cele-
brated on the 14th of Adar, which this
year corresponds to sundown
Thursday, March 23, until the begin-
ning of Shabbat Friday night, March
24.
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Purim
At A Glance
• What The Name Means: Purim
means "lots" (objects used in making a
choice by chance) and refers to the
lots cast by Haman to determine the
month in which to kill all the Jews
(Esther 3:7; 9:26).
• How We Celebrate: Purim is
observed by attending both the
evening and morning readings of the
megillah. You should drown out with
sound (boo, hiss, or use any kind of
noisemaker) every mention of
Haman's name. The traditional type of
noisemaker that spins and makes a
clicking noise is known in Yiddish as a
grogger.
One of the main themes of Purim is
that things are not what they may
seem, so adults and children tradition-
ally wear costumes.
Purim also is a festival of great joy
and a lot of fun. Humorous skits,
practical jokes and general silliness are
part of the day.
Aside from hearing the megillah, we
observe three practices:
1) We send gifts of food to fellow
Jews. The gifts, known as mishloach
manot in Hebrew ("sending portions")
or shlach moness in Yiddish, consist of
at least two different types of food that
are ready to eat or can be enjoyed with
minimal preparation.
2) We give money to the poor. The
minimum amount we give is the low-
est denomination of currency (though
it is proper to be generous) and it
must be given to at least two poor per-
sons.
3) We eat a festive meal. On Purim,
we include more wine or liquor with
the meal than usual, enough to make
things lively (but not so much as to be
unable to recite the grace after meals).
The dinner may extend into the
evening after Purim, but it must begin
during the daylight hours of Purim.
This year, with Purim falling on a
Friday, the holiday goes straight into
Shabbat, so it's advisable to conclude
the Purim feast during the daylight
hours. (It is proper to eat a festive
meal on Shabbat also, and the rabbis
advise us to enter Shabbat with a good
appetite.)
• Ceremonies And Rituals: The day
before Purim is Taanit Ester, the Fast
of Esther. This starts in the morning
and ends at sundown, although we do
not eat until after Maariv, the evening
prayer service, when Purim begins.
The main eventof Purim is the
public reading of Megilat Ester; the
Book of Esther (or Scroll of Esther),
commonly known as the megillah
(which in Hebrew means "scroll"). In
most synagogues, the megillah is read
during the evening service.
The megillah also is read in the syn-
agogue the next morning, during the
Shacharit service, and some congrega-
tions hold further readings later in the
morning.
In the Shemoneh Esrey, or Amidah
(standing) prayer, and in Birkat Ha-
Mazon (grace after meals), we include
the prayer Al Ha-Nisim. We do not
recite the Tachanun (penitential)
prayer at morning and afternoon serv-
ices. Unlike the major holy days, on
Purim all manner of work is permit-
ted: fires may be kindled, electricity
may be turned on and off, cars may be
driven , etc.
• The Day After: This is known as
Shushan Purim. The Jews of Shushan,
Persia's capital city, did not gain their
deliverance until the 15th of Adar
(Esther 9:18). Because Shushan was a
walled city, it became the law that
those Jews who live in walled cities or
in cities which were walled from the
time of Joshua celebrate Purim on the
15th of Adar.
Jerusalem is one such place. The
only place in North America that
qualifies is Quebec City in Canada.
❑