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2004
40
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Israel and Europe, including the late
Jacqueline Schweitzer Gropman, a
French Jew who settled in the Detroit
area after the war.
endered aspects of the
Located about 90 kilometers from
Holocaust have been a subject
Berlin, the camp began operating in
of research only since the
1939. It was intended to house about
1980s. Until then, with the notable
3,000 women, but over the years it
exception of Anne Frank's diary (she
held as many as 43,000 at one time.
would have turned 75 years old on
Up to 1,100 women were forced
June 12) and the work of historian
into barracks intended for 240.
Lucy Dawidowicz, men — including
According to Saidel, this deliberate
venerable figures such as Eli Weisel,
overcrowding was one way of murder-
Andre Schwatzbard, Primo Levi and
ing the inmates. With so
Yehuda Bauer — have been
many women being
the predominant voices in
crowded into each small
Holocaust literature.
THE JEWS H WOMEN OF . shed, the inmates were
In 1983, the Conference
Ir RAVEN SBRKK
crushed and suffocated.
on Women Surviving the
CONCENTRA TION CAMP Others were killed through
Holocaust in New York
the vicious means we are
marked the first attempt to
more familiar with: slave
strengthen the voices of
labor, torture, starvation,
women in the study of the
shooting, lethal injection,
Holocaust, positing that
"medical" experimentation
gender mattered to victims
and gassing.
and victimizers alike.
But death is not the sole
Since then, there has
focus of Saidel's book. She
been great effort on the
shows that the women,
part of a small but deter-
despite the terror, resisted
mined group of researchers
in ways that "lifted the spirit." The
and authors to insert women's specific
women struggled to survive and even
voices, experiences and analyses into
persevere in particularly feminine
the canon of Holocaust studies.
ways. Daily life is described vividly as
The just-published The Jewish
women are quoted talking about their
Women of Ravensbruck Concentration
fears, hopes and friendships.
Camp (University of Wisconsin Press;
It is almost incomprehensible to
$29.95) is one stark, sensitive and
many readers today, and yet strangely
deeply moving example of such
uplifting.
efforts. Ravensbriick, the only concen-
To sustain a sense of humanity and
tration and death camp established
community, the women created art,
solely for women, claims the highest
death rate of all the camps on German wrote and performed plays, helped
each other maintain hygienic condi-
soil. Some of the Nazis' most horrific
tions, gave each other small gifts and
medical experiments were performed
taught each other Bible and literature.
there, yet it is one of the least known
They even shared memories of
camps.
recipes. Since having any kind of
Thanks to Rochelle Saidel's sensitive
paper (even toilet paper) was punish-
interviews and meticulous research,
able by death, this was a particularly
together with the many previously
courageous form of resistance.
unpublished photographs and haunt-
Of course, Saidel notes, these testi-
ing drawings by the inmates, this book
monies are a blend of memory and
will increase public recognition of
history, and individual women's expe-
Ravensbrtick's victims and survivors.
riences cannot provide a comprehen-
Saidel's book is the culmination of
sive overview of the camp. Sometimes
more than 20 years of research. As a
a survivor told Saidel a story that no
political scientist who specializes in
one else mentioned. In one particular-
women's experiences in the Holocaust
at the Remember the Women Institute ly harrowing testimony, a woman
describes seeing a building filled with
in New York, she interviewed more
young women who had their tongues
than 60 survivors in the United States,
EETA PRINCE-GIBSON
The Jerusalem Post
call for reservations *248.373.4440
885 N. Opdyke, Auburn Hills • (12 Mile North of Silverdome)
Suer
On the 75th anniversary of Anne Frank's birth,
author gives voice to other women in the Holocaust.