mony is called tashlich. Sept. 27, 2003
TZOM GEDALIAH/Fast of Gedaliah
This minor fast day (Tishrei 3) recalls the
slaying of Gedaliah, who the Babylonians
appointed governor of Judah after they
captured Jerusalem in 586 B.C.E. He and
his aides were killed by another Jew,
Ishmael Nethaniah, who sought disunity
and disruption. Some see this holiday as
a paradigm for the Jewish community
today, when it is often marked by strife
and disunity within. Sept. 29, 2003
SHABBAT/The Sabbath
The weekly Shabbat observance begins at
sundown each Friday evening with the light-
ing of candles at home and a synagogue
service called Kabbalat Shabbat.
Friday night observances at home often
include a festive dinner that begins by recit-
ing the Kiddush, the prayer over wine, and
HaMotzi, the prayer over challa (egg bread).
Saturday observances for Shabbat include
services, a festive luncheon and an after-
noon of rest. A light third meal, called seuda
shilishit (pronounced "sooda shillysheet"),
also is traditional.
Shabbat concludes on Saturday night
with the Havdalah (separation) ceremony.
Spices, a special braided candle and wine
are used in this Sabbath closing ceremony.
ROSH CHODESH/
First Day Of The New Month
Rosh Chodesh means "head of the
month." It is noted by reciting special
prayers during the regular Shabbat servic-
es, including Hallel, a series of psalms.
Tradition tells us that because women
did not participate in the sin of the Golden
Calf in the wilderness, they were given
Rosh Chodesh as a gift. For this reason,
women's study sessions and prayer
groups often meet on Rosh Chodesh.
ROSH HASHANAH/Jewish New Year
Rosh Hashanah (Tishrei 1-2) begins a 10-
day period of repentance that lasts
through Yom Kippur.
The shofar, usually a ram's horn, is
blown during services. Home observances
include festive meals with traditional foods,
such as a round loaf of challa and apples
dipped in honey, symbolizing wholeness
and sweetness for the new year.
New Year's greeting cards often are
sent to friends and family. On the first day
of Rosh Hashanah, it is traditional to drop
breadcrumbs into a river or pond as sym-
bols of "casting away our sins." This cere-
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Prior to sunset on the evening before
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