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Safe milk, bombers and weather satellites

how Jews have helped the world

of science and technology.

Elizabeth Applebaum
AppleTree Editor

ou
lea(
A-Day, Apple
vides you with
mg tidbits about any Jew i
ject, past or present.
This month, you'll find 31 —
one for each day of August —
great facts about Jewish contribu-
tions to science and technology.
Do you have an idea for Fact-A-
Day? If so, please drop us a line
at AppleTree Facts, 27676
Franklin Road, Southfield, MI
48034; fax (248) 354-6069;
call (248) 354-6060, ext. 308
(voice-mail only), or e-mail

philapple@earthlink.net

1. After World
War I, brothers
nry and Camille
reyfus, born in
itzerland, devel-
oped the synthetic
Yr
fiber, Celanese.
Today,'Celanese is
Oecl in everything
.tom paints to plas-
tics. Henry Dreyfus (1876-194.5)
ved as director of British
ese Ltd.; he is one of the
leading holders of patents, with
more than 1,000 to his name.
mille Dreyfus (1878-19.56)
was president of the Celanese
Corp. of America.

2. During World War I, Ameri-
can paint chemist Maximilian
Toch (1864-1946) of New York
City invented the "Toch System"
of camouflage.

3. For what we know of human
blood groups we can thank Jew-
ish scientists Karl Landstein and
Philip Levine. The Austrian-born

Landstein, who came to America
in 1922, discovered the four
basic human blood groups: A,
B, AB and 0. He and Levine,
an immunohematologist, discov-
ered the Rh factor.

4. Every high-school biology
student has to learn it — the
"Krebs Cycle," which describes
how food is converted in living
cells into carbon dioxide, water
and energy. But did you know it
was named for Hans Krebs?
Born in Germany, he left the
country after Hitler's rise to
power and settled in England.

S. Vienna-born Isadore Kitsee

was one of America's most prolif-
ic inventors, with almost 2,000
devices and processes to his
name. He developed a wireless
system of communication five
years before Marconi, and in
1912 — more than a decade
before the first "talkie" — invent-
ed a machine for producing
sound with motion pictures.

6. The most feared weapon of

modern times, the atomic bomb,

was developed during World
War ll's Manhattan Project, in
which a number of Jewish scien-
tists:participated. Most notable
were J. Robert Oppenheimer,
Robert F. Bacher and Edward
Teller.

7. Abraham Jacobi (1830-
1919) is considered the father of
American pediatrics. He also
was a pioneer in promoting the
pasteurization of milk in America.

8. A Jewish surgeon, Abraham
Baruch, performed the first
appendectomy in 1888, saying
removal of the diseased organ
was the best treatment. Until
then, doctors treated appendicitis
with medicine, usually to the
patient's detriment. The forward-
thinking surgeon also was the
father of renowned financier and
presidential adviser, Bernard
Baruch.

9. Two Jewish musicians
changed the world of photogra-
phy. In 1935, violinist Leopold
Godowsky and pianist Leopold
Mannes, both amateur photogra-

7/30
1999

• Detroit Jewish News

59