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Despite cultural di erences, Sephardic Jews
adhere to traditional Jewish practices.
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StaffWriter
ii
merica's 250,000
Sephardic Jews —
descendants of Jews liv-
ing in Spain before 1492
— do not always have an easy time
in the larger American Jewish com-
munity, which is predominantly
Ashkenazi (of Eastern European
descent).
Many Ashkenazi Jews are igno-
rant of Sephardic culture, unaware
that many of the traditions they
associate with Judaism — ranging
from chopped liver to melodies
suna b at Rosh Hashanah — are not
necessarily universal for all Jews.
While Sephardim share the basic
religious tenets held by Ashkenaz-
im, they differ on many details of
observance. For example, they fol-
low a somewhat different syna-
gogue service — particularly for
the High Holidays — pray and
chant Torah to different melodies
and pronounce Hebrew differently
from Ashkenazi Jews. The
Sephardic pronunciation domi-
nates the everyday . Hebrew spoken
in Israel, where Sephardim form
60 percent of the Jewish popula-
tion.
Sephardic holiday celebrations
feature different traditional foods
and customs than in Ashkenazi cel-
ebrations. For example, Sephardic
Jews are permitted to eat beans and
rice on Passover, and many tradi-
tionally color the seder eggs
brown, cooking them in onion
skins and coffee grounds. At Rosh
Hashanah, many Sephardim ear
pomegranates and dares along with
apples and honey.
A number of Sephardic Jews
speak Ladino, a language combin-
ing Spanish and Hebrew, but —
like Yiddish, which combines Ger-
man and Hebrew — it is fading
from use.
In addition to their distinctions
from Ashkenazim, there is much
.
diversity within the Sephardic
world. Sephardim settled primarily
in northern Africa, southern
Europe and the Middle East after
their expulsion from the Iberian -
Peninsula in 1492, and their prac-
tices and customs have been influ-
enced not only by the Spanish
background, but by centuries of
living in other countries.
Ignorance about Sephardic cul-
ture sometimes leads Ashkenazim
to think Sephardim aren't Jewish.
Pearl Papo recalls how her
mother was stopped when she tried
to have a Jewish burial for Papo's
grandmother, back in the 1920s.
"At that time, Lewis Brothers
was the only Jewish funeral home,
and they didn't believe she was
really Jewish because the family
didn't speak Yiddish," said Papo.
Ashkenazi Jews also questioned
the Papos' Judaism because they
had named their children after liv-
ing relatives, something not done
in Ashkenazi tradition.
Having a last name that "doesn't
sound Jewish" can also be an obsta-
cle. "A lot of times people think
we're Italian, or other non-Jewish
ethnicities," said Susan Alspector,
Papo's daughter.
According to Jane Rosengarten,
executive director of the American
Sephardi Federation, Sephardim
suffer not so much from discrimi-
nation but from exclusion at the
hands of the larger Jewish commu-
nity. Among its other goals, the
American Sephardi Federation
aims to provide a "unified voice"
for Sephardim, ensuring they are
included in larger projects.
For example, it recently insisted
on being included in the Center
for Jewish History, a new Ameri-
can Jewish archive that is being
built in New York with the partici-
pation of various Jewish organiza-
tions.
"We approached the center and
said it's not the whole story with-
out a Sephardic voice," she said.