Just Me a day!

It has been said that greatness resides in those who alter
the course of thinking and behavior as it shapes human
development. If so, the Western world, in particular, can
rightly claim greatness in a distinguished group of Jewish
intellectuals--pioneers whose probe of mind and emotions
helped establish the art and science of mental therapy.
Among them were Sigmund Freud and several of his
disciples who we feature here.

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SIGMUND FREUD
(1856-1939) b. Vienna, Austria
The founder of
Psychiatrist
psychoanalysis took his place in
history on first observing that symp-
toms of hysteria were often eased
when patients recalled psychic _
traumas suffered earlier in life. Such techniques as free
association (speaking all that comes to mind), dream
interpretation, and the impacts of sexual and death
instincts on emotions and behavior, inspired his theories
and system. Freud had opened a window on the human
unconscious and its innate drives, breaking ground for
approaches in many schools of mental therapy other than
his own.
At the German occupation of Austria, Freud fled
to England in 1938 where he and his followers continued
to influence psychotherapeutic practices of the times.
While many of his ideas were challenged after his death,
a second look by therapists is today restoring much
credibility to Freudian concepts and writings. His work
also left an indelible mark on education, anthropology,
literature and art. Freud's daughter, Anna (1895-1982),
introduced the psychoanalytical treatment of children.

ERICH FROMM (1900-80)
b. Frankfort, Germany
Psychoanalyst
Since settling in
America (1934), the neo-Freudian
taught in a number of universities
and wrote copiously about the role of
psychoanalysis in solving the prob-
lems of culture and society. His was a powerful and
persuasive voice for self-realization and fulfillment
through wholesome human relationships, a productive
lifestyle and unselfish love. Fromm's proposals for
buoying up emotional health in impersonal industrial
societies appeared in two of his eloquent national best
sellers: Escape from Freedom (1941) and The At of

Loving (1956). -- Saul Slachniazier

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THEODOR REIK
(1888-1968) b. Vienna, Austria
Psychoanalyst
In contrast to
t
r Sigmund Freud's view of the death
wish, he held that the masochist's
pleasure at being abused is a
misdirected way of seeking happi-
,
7- -
ness. Another theory he originated maintained that
crime is driven by unconscious guilt and a demand for
punishment. The prolific writer emigrated to the U.S. in
1938 and propagated these and other fresh analytical
insights through fifty books for mental health
professionals and the lay public. Reik was also elected
president of the National Association for Psychoanalytic
Psychology in 1946.

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