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52

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Nitroglycerin
Is Deadly Friend

MARSHALL FRANKLIN SPECIAL TO THE JEWISH NEWS

rthur Nobel obtained a
patent in 1867 for his in-
vention of a most power-
ful explosive, stabilized
glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin).
He called it dynamite.
A year before that, several
friends and co-workers, includ-
ing Nobel's own brother, were
killed in a ferocious blast while
performing some experiments
with nitroglycerin. Many more
would die from the use of his in-
vention before Nobel created his
now-famous prizes in 1901, and
many more have died since.
Everyone knew nitroglycerin
was dangerous stuff and that the
slightest jarring of this pale yel-
low oil, in its native state, could
blow you to kingdom come. In-
gestion of more than minimal
amounts of nitroglycerin is high-
ly toxic to humans.
Munitions workers who
worked with it knew it could cause
incapacitating headaches that de-
veloped during the work week and
disappeared on the weekend.
Sometimes the headaches would
be replaced by a heart attack on
the weekend away from work.
Nitroglycerin is one of the most
potent smooth-muscle relaxants
known to mankind. It dilates
blood vessels all over the body,
not just in the heart. When it
overly dilates arteries of the head
and scalp, headaches result. This
is the same mechanism that
causes migraine headaches.
When the nitroglycerin is
stopped abruptly, the dilated
blood vessels go into spasm and
will block the flow of blood
through a previously dilated
artery. A prolonged spasm that
blocks a coronary artery could
cause a heart attack.
Nitroglycerin dilates smooth
muscle wherever it is. The gall-
bladder and ducts are wrapped in

A

smooth muscle, as are the ureters
and the bronchial tubes. These re-
spond to nitroglycerin as well.
Many of you know what angi-
na pectoris is and how nitroglyc-
erin helps relieve it. Just slip a
little pill under the tongue, stay
quiet and the frightful episode
passes. It's one of the oldest and
most effective medicines we have.
Isn't it paradoxical that one of the
best medicines we have to treat
angina could end up causing a
heart attack when exposed in ex-
cess.
Research on the medical effects
of nitroglycerin has revealed some
amazing properties. When a per-
son absorbs that little tablet from
under the tongue, the body
promptly converts the nitroglyc-
erin to nitric oxide (NO), and NO
is what makes nitroglycerin work.
Don't confuse nitric oxide (NO)
with nitrous oxide (N-subscript2-
0), the laughing gas" dentists use
for anesthesia, because this is no
laughing matter. NO is a major
player in keeping us alive.
White blood cells could not fight
infection or destroy cancer cells
without NO to enable them. NO
is a chemical messenger that helps
cells in the nervous system com-
municate with one another. We
couldn't think or walk without it.
The inner lining of our arteries
produces NO, and this helps keep
our blood vessels from going into
life-threatening spasms.
NO presently is one of the
most actively investigated diem-
icals in the human body. Most re-
searchers believe that only the
surface has been scratched.
In the end, nitroglycerin may
end up saving more lives than
it has destroyed. Wouldn't that
be dynamite?
Dr. Marshall Franklin, a San
Diego-based cardiologist, writes
for Copley News Service.

Professor Explains
Ability To Recognize

new theory developed by a
Weizmann Institute sci-
entist may explain one of
the most remarkable and
mysterious capacities of the brain
— its ability to recognize an ob-
ject under a wide variety of con-
ditions, such as different lighting,
distances, positions and viewing
angles.
Recognition skills are ex-
tremely difficult to reproduce in

A

robots because the slightest
change in viewing conditions al-
ters an object's appearance com-
pared with previously stored
patterns, rendering it unrecog-
nizable to a machine.Yet the
brain recognizes various views of
familiar objects with astounding
effortlessness and speed.
Weizmann's Professor Shimon,
Ullman has proposed a compu-' -\
tational model that explains this

