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CALL OR STOP BY FOR A FREE DEMONSTRATION 58 LARRY ARONOFF ACTON RENTAL & SALES ,NNISTAIR-GLIDE" 891-6500 540-5550 Men's furnishings and accessories 19011 West Ten Mile Road Southfield, Michigan 48075 (Between Southfield and Evergreen) 352-1080 Hours: Mon.-Sat. 9:30 a.m.-6 p.m. 9:30 a.m.-7 p.m. Thursday PARKING AND ENTRANCE IN REAR ach year, some 100,000 Americans are injured by lawn mowers and about 75 die. Many of these victims are children. While most re- search has focused on the phys- ical trauma and surgical aspects of care, a recent University of Michigan Medical Center study examines the psychological im- pact of severe lawn-mower in- juries in children. "I think we as a medical com- munity tend to focus on the in- jury itself rather than how it affects the whole person," says orthopedic surgeon Frances A. Farley, director of the study. "The psychological aspects of lawn- mower injury haven't been in- vestigated at all, to our know- ledge, in children." Dr. Farley and her colleagues surveyed 24 children (19 boys, five girls; average age 4.7) who'd undergone treatment at the U- M for lower-extremity amputa- tions by a riding mower. The children were given an age-ap- propriate psychological test and were interviewed about the im- pact of the accident on their self- esteem, their relationships with friends and family, and their goals for the future. The chil- dren's mothers also were asked to complete a standardized psy- chological test to assess their per- ception of their child's emotional adjustment. The results, presented earlier this year at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Or- thopedic Surgeons, uncovered significant psychological distress among these young patients, in- eluding depression and chronic nightmares. Four of the children also showed signs of psychosis — extreme social isolation and emo- tional instability, for example. Four children showed signs of psychosis. "We never expected that so many of the children would be dramatically abnormal psycho- logically," Dr. Farley says. "We're not sure whether those kids were somehow more psychologically prone to such injury in the first place." "Ideally, all children with frac- tures or amputations as a result of lawn-mower injury should be evaluated by a psychologist, with follow-up therapy aimed at ad- dressing altered activities and goals, relationships with peers and self-esteem," Dr. Farley says. Children outfitted with a pros- thetic foot or leg are at especial- ly high risk psychologically, she adds. Dr. Farley also emphasizes the importance of keeping kids out of the yard while the mower is running. In nearly all of the cas- es studied, the child was playing in the yard at the time. Most ran up to the mower while it was moving and more than half were injured when the mower was in reverse. "Parents need to make sure their kids are not in the yard when they're mowing, period, she says. "That's the bottom line." ❑ Scientists Discover Immune On/Off Switch previously unrecognized biochemical mechanism by which the immune sys- tem reins in the tissue-de- stroying activities of T lymphocities— one of the major types if blood cells involved in au- toimmune diseases and rejection of transplanted organs — has been identified by researchers at the Weizmann Institute. Their studies centered on two key activities associated with T- een invasion of infected tissues. One of them, the release of en- zyme haparanase that punches holes in the endothelial connec- tive tissue of blood vessels, en- ables the T cell to exit the blood system and squeeze into an in- flamed area. The other, the re- lease by T cells of the signal pro- tein TNF-alpha, sends out a ral- lying call to bring additional inflammatory cells into battle. in a paper published in the Proceedings of the National Acad- emy of Sciences in May, Profes- sor Irun Cohen and Dr. Ofer Lider of the Institute's depart- ment of cell biology showed that these two activities are interre- lated. They found that small, specifically modified sugar units released by the breakdown of sugar-containing polymers in connective tissues are picked up by invading T cells and other va- rieties of white blood cells. These sugar molecules, they observed, quench the ability of the cells to produce TNF-alpha.