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and other records before prepar-
ing the actual exhibit.
The modern museum fea-
tures walkways where visitors
can stand and gaze down at the
stone remnants, a separate room
where films are shown, and
another room displaying a scale
model of the Frankfurt ghetto.
I began my tour with the pho-
to display on the entrance level
which documents in detail the
history of the Frankfurt ghetto
and also of anti-Semitism in Ger-
many,
For instance, an early part of
the exhibit shows an official or-
der of the Frankfurt City Coun-
cil dating back to 1484 which
forbade Christians to attend Jew-
ish weddings and dances, an or-
der recorded in the mayoral
register.
Another display details a pub-
lic campaign against the Jews be-
gan in 1507 by a prominent
Frankfurter, Johannes Pfeffer-
korn, who called for the confisca-
tion of all Hebrew books, claiming
they were blasphemies against
the New Testament.
Besides this early evidence of
anti-Semitism, the exhibit focus-
es on the Judgengasse itself.
among many photos, one large
close-up is especially vivid. It
shows a row of cramped houses
— with five houses marked in
red: The foundations of these are
the ones found in the excavation.
Besides photos, there are
charts showing the plan of the
ghetto, plus one that shows the
typically complicate living
arrangements. For example, in
1703, there were six families liv-
ing in house #62 — a total of
39 people in one small house.
The end of the forced ghetto
came in 1796 when French troops
besieged Frankfurt and bom-
barded the northern part of the
Judgengasse, setting it on fire
once again. Soon afterwards, de-
bates on equal status under the
law spread to Frankfurt and the
Jews were no longer forced to live
in a ghetto.
No wonder travelers to Frank-
furt were appalled at what they
saw. "That so many people can
live in such crowded conditions
is inconceivable," one traveler
wrote.
But besides drama, there are
insights and perspectives from
the cumulative effect of these ex-
hibits. It's important for all to see
that the Holocaust had a history.
It didn't just start in 1933. There's
a long history of anti-Semitism
in Germany, a history of segre-
gating Jews from the rest of so-
ciety."
The museum has an important
meaning, too. "In this museum,
you're standing at the original
site of Jewish history," said Mr.
Backhaus. "It's a special oppor-
tunity to learn about the histo-
ry of the Jews of Frankfurt, and
about the connections between
the past and the present." ❑
"SHOWBOAT" — Toronto
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BRANSON, Sept. 18-24,
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Oct. 4
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JEWISH HERITAGE TOUR
HOLOCAUST MUSEUM, ELLIS ..L
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ISLAND, PHILLY, WASH. D.C.
Oct. 13-18
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LABOR DAY BRIDGE WALK &
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24 or 25
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* Oct. 8 -Fox Theatre
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* Incl. Holocaust Museum Sept. &
* Oct. Dates
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