Call for Nominees for the 7th Annual

BERMAN AWARD

INTIFADA page 67

for Outstanding Professional Service

created by Mandell and Madeleine Berman

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Eligibility for Nomination:

•

• ' 4)

!:"

All Jewish communal professionals
employed by Federation, its agen-
cies, or its beneficiaries, who have
been working in the Detroit Jewish
community a minimum of five years.

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Criteria for Selection:

The recipient of the Berman Award must demonstrate the highest
professional standards in his/her chosen field. That professional
must have:
• made a contribution to the general good of the Jewish community
• demonstrated leadership and innovation to his/her profession
• applied creativity, dedication, knowledge and care to providing
services to the Jewish
community
Nomination Process:

Submit nominations by letter to the
Selection Committee. Names of the
nominees shall remain confidential, and
they may be renominated in
subsequent years.

Send nominations to:
Michael Berke—Confidential
Jewish Federation of Metropolitan Detroit
PO Box 2030
Bloomfield Hills, MI 48303-2030

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1

average of 90-92 percent said that
they would enlist in the IDF if it
became a volunteer army.
"Even though the intifada is a
war without glory, the norm of
military service is still bound up
with status and prestige," said
Mr. Gal. "And because it's a so-
cial norm, not an ideological one,
it's not susceptible to changes in
political mood or national con-
sensus."
Asked, for example, why they
want to serve in the army, far
more young people cite non-ide-
ological reasons — such as want-
ing "-to do something challenging"
or "to be together with interest-
ing people" — than a desire "to
serve the State of Israel."
Among reservists, on the oth-
er hand, the greatest damage in-
flicted by the intifada has been
precisely on motivation. And its
clearest expression has been
what Mr. Gal called a "selective
refusal to serve" (meaning specif-
ically in the territories).
Here, the IDF learned the
lessons of the Lebanon War
(where conscientious objection
and the response to it were high-
profile issues) and chose to leave
the matter to individual unit corn-
manders, who handled it with
pragmatism and restraint.
`The flexibility of these officers
is what brought the army
through this period intact," Mr.
Gal observed. "Without it, the
IDF might have been faced with
thousands of conscientious ob-
jectors."
The drawback of this policy,
however, has been the creation
of a potentially damaging norm
in the IDF: the understanding
that some orders can be legiti-
mately evaded.
Still, the heaviest price of the

intifada has been paid by the
Regular Army — the backbone of
the IDF — through the loss of
countless potential career officers.
The military has long been con-
sidered an attractive career in Is-
rael. But during the intifada,
when advancement meant be-
coming "the commander of Je-
balya" or some equally depressing
place, many of the IDF's most
promising young officers simply
left.
Those who remained tended to
do so for ideological reasons, such
as "to fight Israel's enemies" (a
euphemism for the anti-Arab sen-
timent associated with religious
youngsters and those from low
socioeconomic groups). The iron-
ic result is that just as the peace
process has begun to take root,
the Regular Army — which has
traditionally been a professional
and apolitical institution — is be-
coming increasingly politicized
toward the right.
How all these trends add up is
difficult to say. The IDF is such
a focal component of the "Israeli
experience" that the currents
within it are naturally expected
to sweep through society at large.
But that, too, is open to ques-
tion. A recently published poll
showed that 63 percent of the Is-
raeli public was against continu-
ing negotiations with the PLO on
extending autonomy to the West
Bank. Thus, despite the moder-
ation of views among conscripts,
the slump in motivation among
reservists, the loss of young offi-
cers, and even the "inevitability
of defeat," once back in civilian
clothes the majority of Israeli are
still ready to accept the costs of
the intifada and just keep on
battling it.

IDF Clamps Curfews
On West Bank Towns

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Jerusalem (JTA) — The Israel
Defense Force clamped curfews
on the West Bank towns of He-
bron and Ramallah following two
days of rioting.
In the wake of the violence that
began in Hebron, members of the
Temporary International Pres-
ence in Hebron say they are con-
sidering an early end to their
mission, since they believe they
are not accomplishing anything,
Israel Television reported.
The unarmed 114-member in-
ternational observer force, re-
cruited from Norway, Denmark
and Italy, arrived in Hebron May
8 as part of an agreement
reached by Israel and the Pales-
tine Liberation Organization in
the wake of the Feb. 25 Hebron
massacre.
Hebron has been the site of
nearly daily unrest since that in-
cident, in which at least 29 Pales-

tinians were billed by an Israeli
settler at a local mosque.
Last week, the town experi-
enced one of its worst days since
the massacre, with more than 30
Palestinians wounded, six of
them from soldiers' bullets. Oth-
ers were victims of tear gas and
rubber bullets.
During the course of the day,
Palestinian youths erected stone
barricades in the streets and
hurled rocks at IDF patrols.
Rejectionist Arab parties are
believed to be actively encourag-
ing the youths into the streets.
The members of the interna-
tional observer team witnessed
some of what went on in Hebron
and recorded their findings, but
they are reportedly frustrated
that they can do little more than
stand on the sidelines and watch.
Meanwhile, the IDF prevent-
ed Israeli settlers from driving

