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64

Advertising in The Jewish News Gets Results
Place Your Ad Today. Call 354-6060

Touvier To Be Tried
In Appeals Court

Paris (JTA) — Paul Touvier,
a French Nazi collaborator
who headed the wartime
Vichy-regime militia in
Lyon, will be tried for crimes
against humanity, under a
ruling this week by a French
appeals court.
It will be the first time a
French citizen has been tried
here for crimes against hu-
manity. Mr. Touvier's supe-
rior, Klaus Barbie, known as
the "Butcher of Lyon" was
convicted of crimes against
humanity in 1987, but he
was German.
French Jewish groups
lauded the decision by the
Versailles Court of Appeals,
which reversed a ruling in
April 1992 by the Paris
Court of Appeals that had
drawn fire from French
citizens and media
throughout the country.
Jean Kahn, head of CR1F,
the umbrella body repre-
senting French Jewry, hear-
ing of the reversal, told the
Jewish Telegraphic Agency:
"It is a very good thing that
French justice is, for the first
time, about to try a Fren-
chman for crimes against
humanity.
"It took a very long time to
reach this point, and there is
still much to do to expose the
whole of Vichy's respon-
sibility in the Final Solu-
tion."
The only charge retained
against Mr. Touvier is the
alleged execution of seven
Jewish hostages in Rillieux-
le-Pape, near Lyon, on June
29, 1944.
The executions were made
in retaliation for the murder
by Resistance fighters of the
collaborationist Vichy
regime's propaganda
master, Philippe Henriot.
Mr. Touvier, 78, has ac-
knowledged he picked the
seven to be shot, but also
claims he prevented the kill-
ing of many more hostages
and partisans and was only
following orders when he
singled out Jews for the ex-
ecutions.
In April 1992, the Paris
appeals court decided that
Mr. Touvier could not be
tried for crimes against hu-
manity, because this would
imply that the Vichy regime
had an ideologically
hegemonic policy of its
own.
What the court actually
intended to say was that
France was occupied by
Germany and that its ad-

ministration was merely
obeying orders.
That ruling, now reversed,
essentially sought to clear
Mr. Touvier and the Vichy
regime altogether of any
guilt in crimes against hu-
manity.
The 1992 decision outrag-
ed large sections of the
public opinion. In a rather
unusual move, the president
of France's Supreme Court
decided to appeal that rul-
ing.
Historians have noted that
the Vichy regime issued
racial and anti-Semitic laws
well before the Germans
even asked the French to do
so.
Large-circulation maga-
zines have repeatedly
published documents about
the "dark years" between
1940 and 1944 that
implicated the Vichy regime
in carrying out Adolf
Hitler's Final Solution.
The court ruling means
that Mr. Touvier may be

The only charge
retained against
Mr. Touvier is the
alleged execution
of seven Jewish
hostages in
Rillieux-le-Pape.

brought to trial next spring.
The trial will probably be
held in Versailles.
The court decision, is the
latest in a roller coaster of
events and legal decisions
affecting Mr. Touvier.
Mr. Touvier was twice
condemned to death in
absentia for war crimes. He
was then hidden and pro-
tected by members of the
French Catholic clergy until
the 1970s, when he obtained
a secret dispensation from
president Georges Pompidou
restoring his personal prop-
erty.
By then, a blanket pardon
had been granted for war
crimes, and Mr. Touvier and
his family emerged from
hiding. But Mr. Pompidou's
action infuriated former
Resistance fighters, and new
complaints were brought
against Mr. Touvier for
crimes against humanity, a
category not. covered by the
pardon.
Mr. Touvier went back

