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Religious T ext
Awarded A Copyright '
New York (JTA) — After
2,000 years, a 121-line re-
ligious text has been award-
ed a copyright by a
Jerusalem court.
The copyright belongs to
Professor Elisha Qimron of
Ben- Gurion University, who
over 11 years painstakingly
reconstructed the text,
known as MMT, from
fragments of the Dead Sea
Scrolls.
The Jerusalem District
Court awarded Professor
Qimron $44,000 in damages
for an unauthorized reprin-
ting of his reconstructed
text.
The ruling blazed legal
ground internationally in
the field of copyright law, as
well as setting what is
believed to be the highest
penalties ever awarded in
Israel for mental anguish.
The loser in the ruling is
Hershel Shanks, president of
the Biblical Archeological
Society, which published A
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A translation of MMT, as
reconstructed by Professor
Qimron, was included in Mr.
Shanks' introduction to that
edition, which included re-
productions of more than
1,700 fragments of the
scrolls.
MMT is couched as a letter
from the "Teacher of Righ-
teousness," believed to be
the founder of the Qumran
sect, which wrote the Dead
Sea Scrolls, to the "Evil
Priest" in Jerusalem,
presumably the high priest
of the Temple-centered
mainstream Judaism of the
time.
The letter enumerates the
disagreements over Jewish
law that lay at the center of
the schism between the two
groups. It is consequently
considered one of the most
important fragments of the
scrolls, which were first
discovered in 1947 in caves
near Qumran, not far from
the Dead Sea.
At the center of Judge
Dalia Dorner's ruling was
the finding that Professor
Qimron had engaged in
substantial creative work in
assembling more than a
hundred fragments from
what had been six different
manuscripts of the text, and
in interpolating what he
believed to be missing por-
tions of the document.
But is the ruling good for
That question divides the
parties to the lawsuit as
sharply as the "Teacher of
Righteousness" was split
from the "Evil Priest" over
such questions as the ritual
purity of animal hides.
It is the issue of first
publication rights that
underlies the central schism
between Professor Qimron
and Mr. Shanks.
Mr. Shanks had led those
arguing that the original
team of scholars officially
appointed to reconstruct the
Dead Sea Scrolls was dragg-
ing its feet on publishing its
findings. The publication of
the Facsimile Edition was
announced at the time as a
blow against the alleged
"monopoly" being held on
the scrolls.
The lawsuit regarding
MMT is a separate issue.
But Professor Qimron first
began working on MMT
with John Strugnell, who
headed the team and was
particular target of Mr.{---
Shanks' criticism.
The judge in Israel ruled
that two scholars who helped('
Mr. Shanks prepare the book
for publication, Robert
Eisenman and James Robin-
son, were likewise guilty of
the copyright infringement.
But she ruled that the actual
payments should be made by
Mr. Shanks, who had in-
itiated publication.
Mr. Shanks said he would
likely appeal the ruling.
Rebbe's 91st
Is Celebrated
New York (JTA) — The')
Lubavitcher rebbe's 91st
birthday last week was
celebrated by his Chasidim(
and admirers in an array of
special events held around
the world.
His birthday was
celebrated with the atten-
tion-getting events that
have become the Lubavit-
chers' hallmark — a
"mitzvah-tank" caravan of
five mobile homes concluded
five weeks of traversing th
United States by gathering
in the heart of the Crown
Heights section of Brooklyn
night to honor the rebbe.
More mitzvah tanks
fanned out across New York
adorned with banners
declaring that the Messiah