LAS VEGAS NIGHT

Saturday, April 3, 1993
9:00 P.M. to 12:00 A.M.

CONGREGATION BETH SHALOM

14601 West Lincoln
Oak Park

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Communal Sacrifices
Lead To Solidarity

RABBI IRWIN GRONER SPECIAL TO THE JEWISH NEWS •

T

he book of Vayikra or
Leviticus describes the

system of sacrifices
which was followed by
the people of Israel in the
days of Moses and during the
period when the Holy Temple
stood in Jerusalem. The kor-
banot or sacrifices are de-
scribed in detail: the burnt of-
fering, the peace offering, the
sin offering, the guilt offering.
The priest would accept these
sacrifices and place them on
the altar. The layman, moved
by deep emotion, would place
his hands upon the head of
the offering while the Levites
would sing to the accompani-
ment of instrumental music.
The contemporary Jew, in
considering these verses, may
wonder about their relevance
to his problems and needs. He
may even deem the whole
order of sacrificial practice as
barbaric. What messages does
Leviticus convey to a world so
far removed in time and cir-
cumstance from the world of
the Bible?
The source of this expres-
sion of contemporary deroga-
tion is the incorrect way in
which we regard ancient life.
We need to understand what
lies beneath the surface, the
motives that inspired the of-
ferings of old.
What is the conception
behind the system of sacri-
fices? It is the desire of man
to commune with God. The
human being was stirred by a
powerful need to give expres-
sion to his sense of awe and
reverence. The word karbon or
sacrifice is derived from the
Hebrew karov which means to
draw near, to come close. The
goal of the sacrifice was to
enable the worshipper to ex-
perience the Divine Presence,
to sense His love, and to feel
the strength of His nearness.
The Israelite sought to
show his gratitude to God for
the blessings he had received.
He looked upon his harvest
and flocks; and in his heart
arose an urge to express his
gratitude to the power that
provided rain in its due
season, without which the
land would have been barren
and the animals would have
perished. How was he to do
this? By sacrificing part of his
increase as a token of
thankfulness.
"A primitive method," we

Rabbi Groner is senior rabbi of
Congregation. Shaarey Zed&

say with contempt. But is a
sense of gratitude archaic? Is
it unnecessary now to ar-
ticulate the idea that we are
dependent upon God for our
life and the means of our ex-
istence, that we have the duty
of thanking Him for the bless-
ings He sends us? On the con-
trary, it can be argued that
modern man's sense of
gratitude to God is weaker
than it was in the past. We
need to recover the so-called
"primitive" response of an-
cient man who longed to
thank God for what He had
provided. The memory of the
sacrifices of old upon the altar
serves as a reminder of our
duty.

Shabbat Vayikra:
Leviticus 1:1-5:26
Isaiah
43:21-44:24.

A second theme of sacrifice
is atonement, for offerings
were brought in response to
the desire for forgiveness. To
sin in Judaism is to miss the
mark, to fall short of the high
ideals we set for ourselves.
Since man is prone to error
and weakness, the purpose of
the sin offering was to cleanse
the soul, to expurgate guilt, to
restore and renew the rela-
tionship of God and man.
Vayikra teaches that to live
is to love, and in our relation-
ships of love with our mates,
our parents, our children, our
siblings, our community, our
people, we commit acts of
thoughtlessness, weakness or
error. It is difficult for us to
admit that we have trans-
gressed; and, therefore, we are
required, says Vayikra, to con-
front our weakness, to make
restitution, to bring an offer-
ing, and to cleanse the soul.
A third concept is suggested
by the public or communal
sacrifices such as the olah or
burnt-offering brought every

morning and evening on
behalf of the whole communi-

ty. The public act of worship
dramatizes the ideal of unity.

Every member of the con-
gregation of Israel had his
personal share in the collec-
tive offering. The central
sanctuary with its communal
sacrifices was a visible object
lesson of the ideal of com-
munal solidarity. Without it,

N