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SHARON KANON

Special to The Jewish News

I

s solar energy develop-
ment behind a cloud since
the collapse of Luz,
formerly the largest solar
energy company in the world?
The answer is no. A star in
the industry, Luz built and
supplied the Southern
California Electric Company
with nine solar stations
valued at $1.25 billion, which
today account for 90 percent
of the world's solar energy
output.
A series of bad breaks, in-
cluding the Gulf War, delays
in renewed legislative
benefits for solar energy in-
vestment and consequently
skittish investors, led to the
company's collapse in 1991.
Israel's strong motivation to
develop solar energy is due to
its near total lack of natural
fuel resources. But as any
visitor to the country knows,
Israel does have one impor-
tant natural resource — its
warm sunshine. To develop
this resource, the government
invests 39 percent of its an-
nual energy budget in solar
energy research, while the In-
ternational Energy Agency
sets aside less than 4 percent.
"Solar energy could easily
supply the annual global
need," contends Professor
Israel Dostrovsky, founder of
the Weizmann Institute's
solar energy program.
David Ben-Gurion, Israel's
first prime minister, whose
dream was the greening and
settling of the Negev, was one
of the earliest promoters of
the exploitation of solar
energy: "The greatest source
of energy in our world, the
source from which every liv-
ing plant receives its
sustenance, is the sun. This
energy can be converted into
a driving dynamic and elec-
tric force . . ."
The National Center for
Solar Energy is within walk-
ing distance of Sde Boker,
Ben-Gurion's Negev home,
and is affiliated to Ben-
Gurion University's Blaus-
tein Institute for Desert
Studies. Said Professor David
Feiman, Director of the
Center, "The Negev will
house the electric power sta-
tions which will collect the
electricity produced from the
sun. We're already turning
sunshine into electricity and
this goes directly into the na-
tional grid."
Photovoltaic cells in the
form of panels of irridescent
blue crystals soak up the sun,

sparkling like gems in the
desert. "They are expensive
for general use because cell
production is still costly, but
they are an excellent solution r‘
for remote areas," said Pro-
fessor Feiman. "Small units
are already providing energy
for traffic lights and roadside
emergency phones in Israel,_
but we must develop
peripherals to help make p.v.'s
more effective.
"We are working on a broad
spectrum of solar systems,"
Professor Feiman continued,
"including solar-thermal
technology which converts L
the heat of the sun into cool-
ing power," already used to
air condition the nearby—,
Visitors Center.
Collecting the sun's energy,
storing and transporting it is
the more problematic focus of
the futuristic Solar Tower,
center of the Canada In- `,
stitute for Energies and Ap-,
plied Research (CIEAR) at
the Weizmann Institute in
Rehovot. Its northern field

Besides
generating power,
solar energy can
also be used to
purify water and
kill carcinogens.

contains 64 giant computer-
controlled mirrors (heliostats)
that track the sun and con-'
centrate its energy on four
different research stations.
Unlike other solar energy
towers that convert solar
energy into electricity, the c
primary aim here is to con-
vert solar energy into --
chemical energy. Within two
years the Weizmann team
hopes to complete a commer-
cial plant using chemical
heat-pipe technology to pro- (,)
duce a synthesis gas which is
easy to transport. "Only one- ,
third of energy needs are for
electricity," explains former
Weizmann President Pro-
fessor Dostrovsky. Two-thirds
are used for transport, in-
dustry, and domestic pur-
poses."
A new energy option for
countries like Israel with no
oil but large reserves of oil
shale and sun, is being ex-
plored by Professor Moshe
Levy. The aim is to use solar -
energy to produce a mixture ,,
of hydrogen and carbon
monoxide, which when burn-
ed produces twice as much
energy as any other process.
"Solar energy is a potential-
ly economical way to generate

