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Dr. Jeffries is also a leading proponent of the Afro-centric movement, which says that much of human achieVement can be traced to African inspira- tion. In his U-M speech, he re- peated his charge that Jews were in partnership with colonialist Europeans to support and control slavery. "We have the tapes; we have the materials," he said. "When we talk about enslavement, it is not our in- terest to include only the Jews . . . because everybody was involved." He encouraged Jews in the audience to pay heed to an "international conspiracy" against them; this con- spiracy, he said, is led by "rich white men with prop- erty and power." "White supremacy (in Nazi Germany) had set up a code of racial purity that the Jewish population could not pass," he said. "Your death and destruction is a result of your being part of the peoples of color." "If Jews think we are the problem, then they have destroyed themselves," he said. "Don't tell me about your history — I know it better than you. You (Jews) better start learning your history because we know it. "If people feel they have to speak for the six million Jewish lives lost in the Holo- caust, then somebody has to speak for the 200 million lives that were ended by white supremacy." While initially railing against critics who accuse him of anti-Semitism, Dr. Jeffries, a professor of Afro- American Studies at City College of New York, restated his theory that Africa was the birthplace of all humanity and all human knowledge. He said Plato and Socrates studied philosophy on the banks of the Nile from Africans. He also said Africans invented and estab- lished martial arts, medicine and helped create Chris- tianity, Judaism and Islam. "Anti-Semitism has never been an important focus in the African community," he said. "But it is not about an- ti-Semitism; it is about anti- Kemetism." He defined anti- Kemetism as "anti- Africanism." Dr. Jeffries said that Africa, because of its warmer climate, bred a peo- ple — "Sun People" — inter- ested in community and knowledge. By comparision, Dr. Jeffries said, those who come from northern climates —"Ice People" — were con- ditioned to care solely about survival. He attributed the building of the Great Wall of China to a fear by Chinese emperors to keep out the "ice factor." He argued that the Statue of Liberty was really supposed to be a tribute to freed slaves; the Washington Monument is a symbol of African rebirth and that President Bush's nausea at a Japanese banquet was caus- ed by a lack of melanin in his skin. He also said urban violence among American blacks was caused by an in- feriority complex instituted and planned by "white supremacy." Dr. Jeffries' speech, which was sponsored by the uni- versity's Black Student Union, was received with He said Plato and Socrates studied philosophy with Africans and Africans invented martial arts, medicine and helped create Christianity, Judaism and Islam. mixed reactions by the au- dience; approximately half of the 300 audience members left before he finished. While Michigan's Hillel Foundation did not mount an official protest of the speech, Executive Director Michael Brooks said a pro- gram addressing some of Dr. Jeffries' charges would be planned later this spring. Mr. Brooks, in response to the speech, said, "One of the blessings of free speech in the academy is that even mindless bigotry can be ex- pressed if one has a Ph.D. The only currency that has any value in a university, however, is intellectual credibility, and Professor Jeffries squandered what little he may have had long ago." ❑ Correction In a business article, "The Anatomy of an En- trepreneur," published Feb. 14, it was inaccurate- ly reported that Rock Fi- nancial loaned $36 mill- ion in 1991. The article should have stated that Rock loaned an estimated $173 million to clients in 1991.