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74
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1991
New York (JTA) —
Lithuanian President
Vytautas Landsbergis has
agreed to set up a commis-
sion to resolve charges that
his government exonerated
war criminals involved in
atrocities against Jews dur-
ing World War II.
Mr. Landsbergis told
American Jewish communal
leaders here that his
government is working to
determine which cases
should not have been
rehabilitated in the mass
amnesty.
He said he has invited the
Israeli government and
other organizations to work
with Lithuania to reach ac-
curate conclusions in cases
where it is difficult to de-
termine the extent of an in-
dividual's participation in
war crimes against Jews.
In a separate meeting with
officials of the Simon
Wiesenthal Center, Mr.
Landsbergis agreed to set up
a special commission to in-
vestigate those cases.
He is proposing a joint
parliamentary commission
with Israel, an idea endorsed
by Dov Shilansky, speaker of
the Israeli Knesset and a na-
tive of Lithuania.
Rabbi Abraham Cooper,
associate dean of the
Wiesenthal Center, said that
the commission would likely
involve representatives from
the Knesset, the Israeli Min-
istry of Justice, the Israeli
police, the Wiesenthal
Center and the Yad Vashem
Holocaust memorial, in ad-
dition to Lithuanian offi-
cials.
A proposal for the commis-
sion's composition was
worked out with Ramunas
Bojdanas, Mr. Landsbergis'
foreign affairs adviser, in a
follow-up meeting, and is
now under consideration by
the Lithuanians, Rabbi Co-
oper said.
An estimated 35,0 0 0
Lithuanians to date have
been exonerated under the
May 1990 Lithuanian reha-
bilitation law. The law ab-
solves them of culpability for
crimes they were accused of
committing by the Soviet
Union following the war,
and provides them with res-
titution for their time in
prison.
Many were declared guilty
by the Soviets of crimes
against the Communist
government and others of
collaboration with the Nazis.
Those found guilty of the
first charge have been right-
ly rehabilitated, Mr. Land-
sbergis told American Jew-
ish Committee leaders dur-
ing a luncheon here last
week. He said 500 of those
found guilty of the second
charge have been denied ex-
oneration.
But there is a third
category, Mr. Landsbergis
said, where it is not as clear
whether rehabilitation is
justified. This category in-
cludes Lithuanians who
were members of military
units that murdered Jews
but about whom there is no
evidence of personal par-
ticipation in the killing.
Another example of a
questionable case, he said, is
if someone did not pull the
trigger, but "escorted people
to their execution."
Mr. Landsbergis told
Wiesenthal Center officials
An estimated
35,000 Lithuanians
to date have been
exonerated under
the May 1990
Lithuanian
rehabilitation law.
that 1,000 to 2,000 of the ex-
onerations already granted
may need to be reviewed,
Rabbi Cooper said.
Many more Lithuanians
convicted of war crimes by
the Soviets, or their chil-
dren, are expected to still
apply for rehabilitation, and
Lithuanian estimates of the
number of future applica-
tions runs "easily into the
six figures," Rabbi Cooper
said.
Even as Mr. Landsbergis
pledged to "resolve this by
concretely defining what
problems exist and moving
to deal with them," he was
defensive about the way that
the Western media have por-
trayed Lithuanian respon-
siveness to the wrongful ex-
onerations since they were
first made public in a New
York Times article Sept. 5.
"There have been unjust
accusations and inaccurate
depictions of our history," he
said.
According to Mark Weitz-
man, associate director of
educational outreach for the
Wiesenthal Center, who par-
ticipated in the meetings,
"Landsbergis' father is
honored by Yad Vashem as a
righteous Gentile. He is not