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Anti-Semitism On Rise
In Eastern Europe
HELEN DAVIS
Foreign Correspondent
T
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he former Communist
states of Eastern and
Central Europe are
now marching to the drum-
beat of anti-Semitism, ac-
cording to a report published
by the World Jewish Con-
gress at the weekend.
The 48-page report, which
was compiled for the WJC by
the London-based Institute
of Jewish Affairs, described
a "European-wide explosion
of anti-Semitism."
Institute director Antony
Lerman warned that the
level of anti-Semitic activity
documented in the report
"presents a clear danger to
the development of dem-
ocratic institutions in these
countries."
"People who turn former
fascist and Nazi leaders into
role models can only bring
misery to their societies," he
said.
Coinciding with the
publication of the report in
London, the WJC has an-
nounced plans for a
worldwide campaign against
anti-Semitism and to seek
redress for past offenses
.against Jews.
The campaign will start in
Budapest in December,
when the WJC will demand
compensation for Jews who
incurred • losses in Eastern
Europe before and after 1945
as a result of both Nazi and
Communist repression.
While a number of the
post-Communist govern-
ments are now returning
property seized by Commu-
nist regimes to their owners,
prior claims of Jewish
owners who were dispossess-
ed by Nazi and pro-Nazi
regimes have so far been ig-
nored.
The second phase of the
campaign will be launched
in July 1992 when a con-
ference on anti-Semitism,
the largest since World War
II, is scheduled to be conven-
ed in Belgium.
According to WJC Presi-
dent Edgar Bronfman; the
conference will be "a polit-
ical and moral cry against
what we thought had ended
with the collapse of Hitler."
The third phase of the
campaign will be aimed at
rescinding the. United
Nations resolution equating
Zionism with racism.
The WJC also intends to
document anti-Semitism
throughout the world and its
report will be used by the
Paris-based European Jew-
ish Congress to press the
European Parliament to
take action against anti-
Semitism.
According to the WJC
report, major and minor par-
ties in Hungary, Romania
and Poland are still espous-
ing anti-Semitic sentiments
in their struggles for power.
It quotes eyewitnesses as
saying that "bellicose anti-
Jewish chants were greeted
with wholehearted ap-
plause" at political meetings
in the run-up to the Polish
legislative elections.
A . recent opinion poll in
Poland, which has a Jewish
population of between 5,000
and 12,000 souls, shows that
that 34 percent of re :
.
The World Jewish
Congress has
planned a
worldwide
campaign against
anti-Semitism.
spondents hold unfavorable
opinions about Jews.
The churches have been
notably silent in attempts to
halt the trend toward anti-
Semitism, says the report.
While an episcopal letter
condemning anti-Semitism
was issued in Poland, notes
the report, "such efforts are
being undermined by the
deep-rooted anti-Semitic
trend in the Catholic
Church."
With few exceptions, East-
ern and Central European
leaders are unwilling to take
an unambiguous stand
against anti-Semitism, it
said, "thereby conferring
legitimacy on those for
whom anti- Semitism is cen-
tral to their political and
ideological outlook."
Jews are widely blamed
both for the introduction of
Communism and for the
post-Communist hardships
involved in the transition to
free-market capitalism.
They are also perceived as
being the only group to be
benefiting from privatiza-
tion programs.
"Most obscenely," notes
the report, "in Hungary,
Jews have been accused of
profiting from the Holo-
caust."
According to the report,
the rise in anti-Semitism is
closely linked to manifesta-
tions of extreme nationalism
and xenophobia throughout
Europe. El