Hadassah Hospital, rather than to any revision of the exam. Of those who took the course, 60 percent passed the December exam, he said. The charges of pandering to Israeli doctors, moreover, are "untrue, unfounded, and unfair," he said. The deci- sion to implement the exam policy was made by an academic committee and was not designed to control the market. The doctors don't put much credence in his words. They want to see the requirement for the exam dropped entire- ly. They advocate obtaining licenses by spending a period of time in hospitals observ- ing Israeli doctors and perhaps taking a short theo- retical course. The current course, they complain, con- tains much useless informa- tion and teaches them no new techniques. Right now, the Health Ministry shows no signs of acceding to their demands. "We don't anticipate any changes in the policy," said Dr. Vardy. And many Israelis, even those who sympathize with Soviet causes, seem to side with the Health Ministry. Passing an exam "is what every doctor has to do in order to practice in the United States, and also what every lawyer has to do here," said Galia Golan, a professor of political science at Hebrew University who specializes in Soviet studies. "You cannot permit people to work without checking their credentials." Natan Sharansky "It's a perfectly legitimate requirement, one not designed to be discrimina- tory, but to guarantee a cer- tain level of practice." Natan Sharansky, the famous former refusenik who now heads the Soviet Jewry Zionist Forum, agreed. "You cannot permit people to work without checking their credentials," he said. On the other hand, however, he noted that it's important to treat the doc- tors with respect. "What the doctors are say- ing now is, 'Recognize our past,' " he said. "We have to find some way to respect their past, while at the same time protecting society from bad doctors." The real challenge, accor- ding to Mr. Sharansky, lies not in the physicians' ability to pass the exam, but in Israel's ability to make proper use of the wealth of brainpower that's come its way. In a column that ap- peared in the May 9 Jerusalem Report, Mr. Sharansky noted that it is virtually impossible for all of the doctors in Israel to find work in their professions within the country's borders. Rather than relegating these talented people to building houses or sweeping streets, Israel could draw on its unique resources to create an international medical project, he sug- gested. As part of this pro- ject, teams of Israeli doctors would travel all over the world, treating "earthquake victims in South America, sufferers from epidemics in Africa." Optimistic words, indeed. But they may be small corn- fort to Ilya Gorelick, who is filled with anxiety over the coming exam. 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