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CLASSIFIED
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354-5959

hat kind of year was
1990 for the Jewish
people?
To cite a commentary on
the Passover Haggadah,
"We begin with anguish
(over the slavery in Egypt)
and we conclude with joy
(over the liberation from ex-
ile through the Exodus.)"
Jews had many reasons for
anguish in 1990. Israel, at
the center of Jewish con-
sciousness, was battered and
threatened incessantly by its
violence-prone Palestinian
and Arab neighbors.
Saddam Hussein's brutal
aggression against Kuwait,
and his massive military
machine with its weapons of
potential mass destruction,
transformed Israel's bad
neighborhood into a scene of
apocalyptic threat. The in-
tifada of the Palestinians,
fueled by the rage over the
Temple Mount conflict, in-
creased the street stabbings
of ordinary Israelis.
Hovering over all this
turmoil and uncertainty, the
organization by President
Bush and Secretary of State
James Baker of an interna-
tional consortium to drive
Saddam Hussein out of
Kuwait became a raison
d'etat — or a pretext — for
the U.S. to support a series
of troublesome anti-Israel
resolutions at the United
Nations.
The intention of the new
abrasive pressures against
Israel was explained as an
effort to keep the Western-
Arab military coalition in
the Persian Gulf intact.
But to concerned Israelis
and Jews, it suggested the
beginning of a reordering of
America's alliances and
priorities in the Middle East,
with Saudi Arabia, the Gulf
states, Egypt and even Syria
as anchors of U.S. foreign
policy there, leaving Israel
on the back burner.
The result is that in 1991
and beyond, the heart of
Israel's security and inter-
ests in the United States
may lie in Congress.
Ironically, and in some
ways tragically, the preoc-
cupation with the Persian
Gulf crisis tended to
minimize if not obscure one
of the great historic devel-
opments of our lifetime,

Rabbi Marc H. Tanenbaum is
past chairman of the Interna-
tional Jewish Committee on
Inter•eligious Consultations.

namely, the large migration
of Soviet Jews to Israel.
That stunning develop-
ment holds the possibility of
transforming Israel's inter-
nal political and cultural
life, and could help bolster
Israel's capacity to defend
herself from external
enemies.
Despite the overwhelming
preoccupation with the Per-
sian Gulf crisis, American
and other Jewish com-
munities, especially Israeli
Jewry, merit much tribute
for their intensified support
of Soviet Jewry through
Operation Exodus. The ab-
sorption and resettlement of
Soviet and Ethiopian Jewry
should clearly become a
predominant priority for
world Jewry during the corn-
ing decade, despite all the
diverting external problems.
On the international
scene, several other devel-
opments require much ex-
amination but can be only
listed here: The reunifica-
tion of Germany raised
widespread anxieties in

=,/

Israel's security
and interests in
the U.S. may lie in
Congress.

world Jewry, but it was bal-
anced by an awareness that
next to the United States,
the Federal Republic re-
mains the largest financial
and commercial supporter of
Israel.
The explosion of democrat-
ic forces in Eastern Europe
is largely welcomed by Jews,
but enthusiasm is diminish-
ed by the deep-rooted anti-
Semitism that seems mar-
ried to xenophobic nation-
alism. Israel's quiet but
growing trade and cultural
ties with Hungary, Poland,
and other East European
countries will be watched
with interest.
Anti-Semitism in Eastern
Europe and elsewhere
became a major issue of con-
structive concern with Vat-
ican authorities in Prague in
September, and later in
Rome with Pope John Paul
II in December.
Foreign affairs often ob-
scured pressing Jewish do-
mestic concerns, of which
there are many. The rise in
the rate of intermarriage na-
tionally to 49 percent, as re-
cent studies revealed, and
the decline of conversions of
non-Jewish partners posed
deeply nettlesome questions
to all of Jewry. ❑

j