I ISRAEL 1

A Very Happy and Healthy
New Year to All Our Friends
and Family.

Kibbutzim Face
2nd Revolution

CARL ALPERT

Special to The Jewish News

0

nce upon time, the
kibbutz was an ideal-
istic agricultural col-
lective, where Jewish halut-
zim tilled the soil and Jewish
farmers milked Jewish cows.
The cruel laws of economics
quickly made it necessary to
institute a mixed economy,
and a great revolution took
place with the introduction of
industry, first as a sideline,
and then, gradually as the
major income producer. Milk,
cheese, corn, wheat and or-
chard crops were soon
_,, superseded by factories pro-
ducing plastic, plywood, san-
dals, furniture, electronic
equipment, garden sprinklers
and electric hair removers for
women.
In the old days, the
backpack tourists knew that
they could always get lodging
for a couple of nights at the
first friendly kibbutz they
entered, and increasing
hordes began to take advan-
tage of the hospitality. There
came a time when the kibbut-
zim had to draw the line. A
few experimented with the
idea of charging their guests,
and before long a network of
kibbutz guest houses came in-
to being. Today, they are a
flourishing branch of the
country's hotel industry.
In recent years, difficult
times have come to the kib-
butz movement. The
cumulative debt hanging over
the kibbutzim is said to
amount to over $2 billion, the
result of overexpansion, poor
investments, and high in-.
terest loans taken out during
time of crippling inflation. In
a desperate situation, they
have been compelled to
tighten their belts, but most
of all, to seek new sources of
income. Radical action was
necessary, and the former'
halutzim are now showing the
same kind of resourcefulness
and imagination that stood
them in such good stead when
the crises were of a different
nature. The result has been a
second revolution in the'
metamorphosis of the
kibbutz.
A few years ago, pioneering
even then, one kibbutz in the
Emek operated a flea market
for their private economy
friends from the city, putting
on sale all the old junk they
could assemble. It was a
smashing success, but it was
before its time. The kibbutz
ideologists then ruled that it
was beneath the dignity of
the idealistic collective move-

A Very Happy and Healthy
New Year to All Our Friends
and Family.
HARRIET, FRED, KEVIN & JEREMY SOFFERIN
& JOSEPH FRANK

A Very Happy and Healthy
New Year to All Our Friends
and Family.

May the coming year be
one filled with health,
happiness and
prosperity for all our
friends and family.

MAX STOLLMAN & FAMILY
PHILLIP STOLLMAN
& FAMILY

A Very Happy and Healthy
New Year to All Our Friends
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A Very Happy and Healthy
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Green Valley, Nevada

A Very Happy and Healthy
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JANET WILLIAMS

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A Very Happy and Healthy
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We wish our family and friends a
very healthy, happy and prosperous
New Year
THE KRISTALL FAMILY
LINDA, ALAN, JENNIFER & BRIAN

We wish our family and friends a
very healthy, happy and prosperous
New Year

A Very Happy and Healthy
New Year to All Our Friends
and Family.

We wish our family and friends a
very healthy, happy and prosperous
New Year
THE ZEILERS
SOL, CHANNIE, VICKI, MOSHE, ITZY, SHIFRA, FRUMIE & CHAIM

MR. & MRS. SAM J. FLATT, DONNA & AMI

Best wishes for a
happy, healthy
New Year.

Best wishes for a
happy, healthy
New Year.

MAYER, HELENA &
GAIL LEBOVIC

RESA & PHILIP DINES
MASHALL, WENDI & SHERA

Best wishes for a
happy, healthy
New Year.

Best wishes for a
happy, healthy
New Year.

ESTHER & DAVE WEINGARDEN

MR. & MRS.
CHAIM BLUMENKOPF

THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS 101