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Israel's Chasidim:
A Guide To Dress
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LEAH ABRAMOVITZ
Special to The Jewish News
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C>17
he sages claim that
the Jewish people
merited redemption
from Egypt because they re-
mained faithful to their
language, their names and
their dress even under duress
of slavery. Indeed, throughout
the ages assimilation was
avoided mainly to this clan-
nish cleavage to tradition.
Even today, the most con-
servative of the Orthodox
Jewish groups retain the
dress patterns of their
ancestors, even if they go back
300 to 400 years and are com-
pletely unsuited to the
climatic conditions of Israel.
This is especially true of
various Chasidic sects and
what is popularly referred to
as "haredim" (ultra-
Orthodox).
A partial guide to who
wears what can only scratch
the surface of a fascinating
subject. The basis for certain
customs are rooted in a
specific philosophy, but the
source of most items of dress
religiously adhered to are
long lost and obscured by
history.
The most colorful and at the
same time the most secluded
sect of haredim are the anti-
Zionist "Reb Areleh"
Chasidim, also called Ibldot
Aaron (the name of their con-
gregation) or Neturei Karta
(their political affiliation). If
the rule of thumb is the
blacker the frumer (the
stricter), this sect of Chasidim
live up to expectations, at
least during the week.
The women of Ibldot Aaron
wear black stockings, simply
cut, long sleeved dresses,
sometimes but not exclusive-
ly black, and black scarves
over shaved heads. Their
menfolk wear black knickers
over black socks, black wide-
rimmed velvet hats and silk
robes (caftans) of white or
blue with black or white
stripes, tied with a broad sash
8 inches wide. Their shoes are
laceless and their shirts have
no buttons, but are pulled on
over the head, the reason be-
ing to keep a distinction bet-
ween their world and the
modern one. One source
claims that Hungarian
clergymen dressed thus
several centuries back.
Only the yarmulke (skull-
cap) under the hat is a knit-
ted white beanie, for men and
boys alike. On Shabbat the
men wear golden caftans with
black stripes, which stem
from a Persian caftan that
was popular all over the
Turkish empire in the last
three centuries. In winter,
when they go out, they wear
an abayah (a brown, longish
Oriental robe) in contrast to
the shorter black cloth coat
worn during the week.
On Shabbat their stockings
are white and their most
distinctive item of clothing is
the wide, elaborate fur hat
called a streimel. It is made of
24 fur tails of sable, mink or
fox, which are still sometimes
imported from Russia.
Almost all Chasidic sects
maintain the custom of a
streimel on Shabbat, but
there are distinct differences
between this kind, also worn
by Jews originating from
Galicia or Rumania (for ex-
ample, the Satmar, Erloy,
Sanz, Belz, Vischnitz and
Klozenberg Chasidim), and
those originating from
Poland, such as the Gur and
Amshenov sects. The latter
wear the high fur spodik with
Continued on Page 28