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Soviet Exodus Sparks
Debate About Funding
CHARLES HOFFMAN
Special to The Jewish News
erusalem — While the
dramatic increase in
the number of Jews
allowed to leave the Soviet
Union has been warmly
welcomed throughout the
Jewish world, this trend has
also heated up Israel-
Diaspora tensions. Israeli
leaders are worried that most
of the emigrants will choose
to go to the United States
rather than Israel, and that
the money needed to care for
the larger numbers will be
taken from allocations that
would have gone to the
Jewish Agency in Israel.
This past week in New
York, the Israeli and Diaspora
heads of the Jewish Agency
attempted to wrestle with the
problems created by the ex-
pected emigration of between
30,000 and 40,000 Soviet
Jews in 1989 — a considerable
increase over the 19,000
allowed to leave last year.
About two-thirds of the $400
million Agency budget is
funded by contributions rais-
ed by community federations
and the United Jewish Ap-
peal.
The UJA and federations
also fund services to Soviet
Jewish emigrants provided
overseas by HIAS and the
Joint Distribution Committee
and locally by the federations
themselves.
Close to 90 percent of the
Russian Jews now coming out
want to go to the United
States, and larger numbers of
emigrants will raise resettle-
ment costs to American
Jewry. The cost of keeping
them temporarily in a JDC-
run transit camp in Ladispoli,
near Rome, while their ap-
plications to enter the United
States are processed, also will
increase.
HIAS, the JDC and the
federations will need at least
$55 million more this year to
cope. But if the U.S. govern-
ment cuts, as it expected, sup-
port for Soviet Jewish
refugees and others entering
the the country, the Jewish
community will have to raise
perhaps another $30 million
to handle the needs.
Israeli Agency leaders,
headed by Chairman Simcha
Dinitz, have registered their
firm opposition to any cuts in
the Agency budget to pay
these extra costs. The Israelis
have for years resented the
fact that most Soviet Jews
who leave Russia become
"drop-outs" — that is, they
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leave on an Israeli visa, but
change their destination once
they reach Vienna.
Cutting the Agency budget
to accommodate larger num-
bers of "drop-outs" means ad-
ding insult to injury, in the
eyes of the Agency leaders in
Jerusalem. Some have said
that if the federations cut
their allocations to the Agen-
cy, they will launch an in-
dependent Jewish Agency
fund-raising campaign in the
United States.
Some Agency officials be-
lieve part of the problem can
be solved if Israel serves as
the transit point for the "drop-
outs" while they wait for U.S.
visas.
Dinitz said that moving the
transit facility to Israel would
mean that thousands of
emigrants would be exposed
to Israel, and that some
would change their minds
and settle there. Others, he
said, could continue to the
United States as refugees or
with some other status. The
tens of millions of dollars sav-
ed by dismantling the Rome
facilities, he said, would be
spent by the Agency in Israel.
This idea has been strenu-
ously opposed by other Agen-
cy officials, who said it would
be a betrayal of Zionism to
turn Israel into a transit
camp for Jewish emigrants or
to allow them to leave as
"refugees."
Dinitz said he was opposed
to a proposal by U.S. federa-
tions to hold a special cam-
paign for , resettlement of
Soviet Jews, even if some of
the money would be earmark-
ed for absorption in Israel.
"We can't collaborate in such
an effort," he said, "but we
can't stop them from doing it.
The federations have endow-
ment funds and other sources
from which they can take the
money to pay for resettling
the drop-outs."
Another proposal raised is
for the Agency to take over
the transit facilities in
Ladispoli, but there seem to
be formidable obstacles.
1989 Jerusalem Post
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