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Remembering Others on
The Fifth Night
of Chanukah
On the 5th night of Chanukah all over America. Jewish
families will kindle a light to fight the darkness of poverty.
These families will make a contribution to the Jewish Fund
for Justice to support its grantmaking program that seeks
to alleviate poverty in America.
To join in this special celebration. we suggest the follow-
ing candlelighting ceremony:
siA s we kindle this fifth light of the
menorah, we reach out beyond our
family to affin-n that we are part of a larger
community. We join with other Jewish
families in gratitude for the blessings this country has
offered our people. It is our privilege to work to make
these blessings available to everyone.
May the brightly lit candles on all the menorahs in
America tonight join to extinguish the darkness of pov-
erty in this land of plenty. PP
This contribution on the fifth night of Chanukah is from
name
address
in honor of
in memory of
(We will acknowledge this contnbution to the honoree if you will give us the address on
the back of this coupon.)
Please send to the Jewish Fund for Justice
1725
K Street NW. Suite
301
Washington. D.0 moos
The lewLsh Fund for lustice is endorsed by
• The Commission oo Sodal Action of the Union
For more information.
of
American Hebrew Congregations
and the Central Conference of American Rabbis
• The National Sodal Janke Committee of the Rabbinical Assembly of America
• The Reconstructionin Rabbinical Association
• The United Synagogue of America
68
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 2, 1988
call Jewish humi fur Just‘ce
at (202) 861-0601.
Yossi Leshem joins a flight of storks over Israel.
Soaring With The Great Birds
Improves Air Safety In Israel
RICK RAH.
Special to The Jewish News
erusalem — On crystal
clear days in Spring
and autumn,
thousands of Israeli birdwat-
chers are absorbed in their
passionate perusal of the sky
as flocks of migratory birds
soar overhead. For Israeli Air
Force pilots at the helm of
super sohpisticated jet
fighters, however, sharing
airspace with birds is
dangerous and sometimes
fatal.
"It happened during a
routine training maneuver,"
said an air force colonel who
flys a Skyhawk jet. "I was fly-
ing at an altitude of approx-
imately 3,000 feet when I sud-
denly heard a terrible explo-
sion. Something hit my neck
with tremendous force. I
didn't understand what was
happening and totally black-
ed out for a few moments.
When I came to I first check-
ed whether my plane could fly
and found it could, but notic-
ed that air was entering the
cockpit through a shattered
canopy.
"My neck was covered with
blood, but I couldn't be sure
that it was my blood. I look-
ed down and saw feathers and
shreds of flesh on the floor of
the plane. Only then did I
realize I had collided with a
bird."
The Israeli Air Force says it
has lost more aircraft to col-
lisions with large birds dur-
ing the last decade than to all
Arab air forces combined. IAF
studies indicate that
j
15-pound pelican meeting
head on with a jet fighter
traveling at nearly the speed
of sound has an impact equal
to 100 tons. Tragically,
several air force pilots have
lost their lives in such
accidents.
Today, in cooperation with
the IAF, Yossi Leshem, direc-
tor of the Israel Raptor Infor-
mation Center, and conserva-
tionists from the Society for
the Protection of Nature are
tracking the migration routes
of the one million birds arriv-
ing in Israel each year. They
feed information into advanc-
ed computers which control
flight plans for IAF aircraft to
prevent these mid-air
mishaps.
"It was because of my doc-
toral dissertation that I ap-
proached the air force," says
the 40-year-old Leshem. "I
wanted to track the bird
flight patterns from a light
plane and I discovered the air
force was interested in exact-
ly that data. For both of us it
worked out quite well."
Yossi found a motorized
glider to realize his primary
ambition. He was soon soar-
ing with a flock of storks as
they made their way along
the full length of Israel.
He is trying to discover why
species of large birds —
eagles, buzzards and storks —
have an affinity for travel
over the shores of Israel. Why,
as logic or nature would seem
to indicate, do these raptors
simply not take a more direct
route to their nesting
destinations?
"Yes, it is a roundabout way
of getting where they want;
Europe and Asia in the spring
and Africa in the fall," states
Yossi. "But these birds have
very heavy bodies and wide,
long wings that are specially
adapted to soaring and
gliding. They can't really sus-
tain active flights over long
periods of time as smaller
birds do."
He explains that Israel's
geographical position, as the
land bridge between the
Eurasian and African con-
tinents, is the reason for the
crowded conditions that exist
for more than six months of
the year. "Large birds must
fly over land where large col-
umns of warm, rising air call-
ed thermals are formed," ex-
plains Yossi. "They simply
can't form over large masses
of water such as the Mediter-
ranean." Raptors, therefore,
travel most efficiently over
long narrow valleys, cliffs,
and long mountain ranges
where conditions are
favorable for their zig-zag,
5,000-mile journey.
"We now have much more
accurate data on the altitudes
that raptors reach — between
300 and 4,000 feet — and
their air speeds — usually
between 20 and 30 miles per
hours. I think we can also say
that they arrive at a fairly fix-
ed time over Israel and fly in
a very regular pattern,
something they've been doing
since the days of ancient pro-
phets."
Now every IAF pilot boar-
ding his Kfir or F-16 does so
with a detailed map of the
daily migration patterns.