I UP FRONT I
Mastercard
Continued from Page 5
ple thought I was crazy."
He explained that Puerto
Rico has a Jewish communi-
ty of about 400 families, no
Jewish day school and no
kosher butcher.
"Then little by little, I
started to convince them!"
He's also convinced the
public. Efron said the card is
doing well, both with Jews
and non-Jews.
Efron said another benefit
to the card is that it allows
owners to charge their annual
pledges .directly to the UJA.
He said this will save time
and energy both for the con-
tributor and the solictor.
"We know who has a card,"
he said. "So when we make a
solicitation we can say, 'Let's
put this pledge right on your
card! "
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14
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 1988
Jewish MBAs Climb
The Corporate Ladder
A groundbreaking study of
young Jewish business ex-
ecutives has found no
evidence that widespread
discrimination against Jews
prevails today in the ex-
ecutive suites of corporate
America. This contrasts
markedly with the situation
of only a generation ago,
when patterns of exclusion
were common.
Despite these findings,
however, both the chief re-
searcher and the sponsor of
the study caution that com-
placence about corporate
anti-Semitism is unwar-
ranted, both because the
research deals only with a
specific population and
because no one can predict
how long the gains found by
the study will persist.
The study, sponsored by
the American Jewish Com-
mittee, also found that most
of the Jewish executives
surveyed do not have strong
ties to Jewish life and culture.
The study, "Succeeding in
Corporate America: The Ex-
perience of Jewish MBA's,"
was conducted by Samuel Z.
Klausner, professor of
sociology at the University of
Pennsylvania. The survey
dealt with the career ex-
periences of 444 men and
women who had received the
MBA degree in either 1974 or
1979.
All the respondents were
graduates of either the Drex-
el University School of
Business, the Columbia
University Graduate School
of Business, or Harvard
Business School: 27 percent
were women, four percent
were blacks, and 19 percent
were Jewish. 'lbgether, the
444 MBA's had, over the
course of their careers,
worked in a total of 666 firms.
Coordinator of the project
was Dr. Murray Friedman,
director of AJC's Middle
Atlantic States area and ac-
ting chairman of the U.S.
Civil Rights Commission.
Commenting on the study,
Dr. Friedman said that while
it documented clear gains for
Jews in American industry
and finance, nevertheless, he
emphasized, "discrimination
has not disappeared, nor are
all businesses and economic
sectors fully open to Jews."
Citing Philadelphia as an
example, he said that "despite
nearly a quarter-century of ef-
forts by the AJC chapter
there, a number of business
areas employ Jews at the
higher levels mainly in
specialized areas like public
relations and law."
Moreover, Dr. Friedman
cautioned, "sudden shifts in
the American economy or the
political climate could reverse
the gains that have been
made."
Among the study's key fin-
dings were that although
Jews and non-Jews earned
similar salaries at the start of
their careers, after five or ten
years Jews' earnings were
higher than those of non-
Jews; Jews tended to concen-
trate less in the manufactur-
ing and service sectors of the
economy and more in the
commercial sector, which is
growing more rapidly; during
their undergraduate years
Jews were more likely than
non-Jews to major in liberal
arts fields rather than in
technical or vocational areas,
and to attend those colleges
considered the most com-
petitive, and women and
blacks, on average, had lower
salaries and lower positions
than did white males.
Among the findings
reported today by Professor
Klausner were these:
"There is no evidence of
widespread discrimination
against Jews in the executive
suite. This conclusion is
based on the failure to find
these conditions: a notable
absence of Jews in particular
classes of firms; Jews
clustered in a narrow range of
positions within firms; Jews
occupying positions of lower
authority and earning lower
salaries than Protestants and
Catholics; a refusal by Chris-
tian senior executives to act
as mentors for Jewish junior
executives.