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STENTS UD -1 ROUND TRIP to E. Lansing U.S. POSTAL SHIPMENT Restrictions A.Eply. J RestrictionsApply Adeline A. Laforet, R.N. President L $15.75 Restrictions A2pli_ Health Care PROFESSIONALS LTD. employment opportunities Medicare/Blue Cross/Private Insurance Israel Film Archive Captures Jewish History MARLENE GOLDMAN Special to The Jewish News T he Jewish struggle for a homeland, with all its setbacks and glories, is split into some 3,000 cans of film. But at least they all exist under the same roof. Gathering as many of these recorded segments of Jewish history as possible is the goal of the Jewish Film Archive — The world's largest repository of footage of Jewish content and interest, located at Hebrew University in Jerusalem. "We want the archive to serve as a central resource on film material," explained Marilyn Koolik, director of the archive. The subjects of these films range from scenes of Jewish prisoners at Dachau — in a 1946 documentary about the Jewish Brigade in Europe during World War II, called Road to Liberty — to footage of Molly Picon, posing as a boy fiddler in a 1936 rendi- tion of the Yiddish musical, Yendl Mitn Fidl. One of the most requested films at the archive, which was founded in 1969 as part of the Institute of Contem- porary Jewry of Hebrew University, is the oldest one in the collection, The First Film of Palestine, shot in 1911. Not only does this show Jewish pioneers in new set- tlements and Turkish soldiers on parade, but it is also the first portrayal of Jews praying at the Western Wall. "It's an amazing piece," Koolik said. "In one shot, a little girl sees a photographer and she doesn't know what'a camera is. She tugs on her mother's skirt and points." Israel's first filmmaker, Yaacov Ben Dov, captures on camera stonemasons com- pleting the amphitheater of the Hebrew University on Mount Scopus. There are also his shots of Lord Balfour, Chaim Weiz- mann, Judah Magnes and other dignitaries at the open- ing ceremony of the university. Other rare footage includes shots from Jewish com- munities wiped out by the Holocaust, such as Bialystok, Poland, which remain the on- ly source of visual documentation. An even broader account of the Holocaust secured on film depicts the Eichmann trial in 1961, including hun- dreds of reels of videotape of the original trial, and various documentaries produced by Jewish organizations. 'Mapes of the Eichmann trial served as background re- search for comparison to the Demjanjuk trial, according to Koolik. The archive's collection con- sists mostly of film provided by Jewish organizations, such as the Jewish Agency, the World Zionist Organization, Keren Hayesod and the Jewish National Fund. "They were producing pro- paganda," Koolik admits, "but it's a visual history of Israel's first 40 years." Ten years ago, the archive purchased the entire film col- There are shots of Lord Balfour, Chaim Weizmann and other dignitaries. lection of Baruch Agadati, one of Israel's pioneer film- makers from the 1920s and '30s. But those films, like most that were shot early on, need- ed to be transferred from nitrate-based film, which disintegrates with time, to acetate-based safety film. Nearly 135 cans of nitrate film had to be sent to England, costing the archive about $3,000 because Israel is not equipped to transfer the film. The costs were partially funded by studios in Hollywood, a result of fund- raising efforts of Moses Rothman, who owns the rights to Charlie Chaplin films. Even footage shot on chemically-safe film requires preservation measures. Since most of the collection exists solely on positive print, the archive recently began sending its rarities to specialized laboratories for transfer to negative film. This process can run over $400 per film, according to Koolik. A special negative storage room has also been set aside for film protection. As a third step, the archive, now duplicates to video its frequently viewed films, preventing physical damage to the original print. Jewish Telegraphic Agency