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Portrait
of the Great American Investor
It's his job to know good
contributed 40 percent of funds to local
federations.
Federation reliance on fewer donors for
an increasingly larger share of revenue,
said Ritterband, "might be a campaign
director's dream, (but it is)... a community
builder's nightmare."
(Federation reliance on fewer donors for
an increasingly larger share of revenue was
reflected by one study's finding that the
number of gifts to federation campaigns
had dropped by 25 percent since 1974.)
While Detroit's Allied Jewish Campaign
continues to raise large sums — $25 million
last year from a Jewish community of
70,000 — officials do not deny that a major
percentage comes from a small group. For
many years, the annual "Fisher meeting"
hosted by Max M. Fisher has raised near-
ly 40 percent of the Campaign total. In
September, members of 40 families attend-
ed the Fisher meeting and contributed $9
million to the 1989 Campaign.
With about $1.1 billion of the $3.5 billion
in Jewish contributions now channeled to
federation and UJA campaigns, research-
ers have tried to determine the destination
of the remaining $2.4 billion. In the Jewish
community, probable recipients include:
• Major Israel-based institutions, such
as Hadassah and the Jewish National
Fund. Total: under $200 million.
Israeli yeshivot, Lubavitch, American
Jewish universities and seminaries and
synagogues. Ibtal: several hundred million
dollars.
Such groups as the Anti-Defamation
League, the American Jewish Committee,
the American Jewish Congress and the
Simon Wiesenthal Center. Ibtal: About $40
million.
New, "liberal/progressive" Jewish groups,
such as the New Israel Fund, the Jewish
Fund for Justice, the American Jewish
World Service and Mazon. Total: about $6
million.
After accounting for contributions to
these groups, roughly half of Jewish dona-
tions — $1.7 billion — goes to non-Jewish
causes. This is corroborated by surveys in-
Gone is the time when Jews
"gave from. their kishkes,"
when tzedakah was fueled by
having to care for your
own people because no
one else would.
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U.S. SAVINGS BONDS
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earn a lower rate.
A public service of this publication.
26
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1988,
dicating that only 40 percent of Jews give
to their local UJA/federation campaigns,
while almost 90 percent say they contri-
bute to some charity. This 50 percent who
contribute solely to non-Jewish groups
give to such organizations as the United
Way, the Red Cross or the American Can-
cer Society.
Most researchers have concluded that
this 50-50 donation split is more likely to
occur among Jews generationally distanc-
ed from the immigrant experience. In fact,
sociologist Ritterband said the probabili-
ty of favoring Jewish philanthropies drops
Are Federations
Losing Their Appeal?
Between 1977 and 1984, contributions
to all charities more than
doubled, while contributions to
Jewish federations increased by
only 40 percent.
200% +
Contributions to
all charities
40%
Contributions to Jewish
Federation Campaigns
1977
by 10 percent with each generation in the
United States.
Summarizing differences in outlook bet-
ween generations — one immersed in the
Jewish world, the other straddling it — is
this self-portrait by a 45-year-old in upstate
New York: "My father thought of himself
as a member of the Jewish community of
Rochester. I think of myself as a Jewish
member of the Rochester community."
Speakers at the New York conference on
philanthropy sought to determine in-
dividual Jews' reasons for contributing to
Jewish efforts other than the major fund-
raising drives, such as federations or UJA.
They attributed this pattern to a splinter-
ing within the Jewish community: Ortho-
dox give to Orthodox causes, Conserva-
tives to Conservative causes, "counter-
culturallchavurah" Jews give to "counter-
culturallchavurah" causes.
The most traditional Orthodox, for ex-
ample, said Queens College sociologist
Samuel Heilman, give 83 percent of their
charitable donations to Orthodox causes.
More "modern" Orthodox give 63 percent
of their charity dollars for Orthodox
causes.
Aside from religious proscriptions for
the giving of the Orthodox, Heilman
issued a succinct economic dictum for their
parochial philanthropy: Not only do Ortho-
dox give to Orthodox causes because these
are "needy" causes, but - were it not for the
Orthodox, no one else would support
them."