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But, Jews there now have "high positions" in the Alfonsin government — in the Cabinet and in the na- tional banks. At the same time, he told the annual meeting Monday of the AJCommittee at Temple Beth El, there is a growth in anti- Semitic events and publica- tions, perpetrated by neo- Nazis and neo-Fascists "to provoke the government." In Panama, synagogues and schools are operating normal- ly, but Jews there are in a precarious position political- ly. Both the pro-Gen. Manuel Noriega and anti-Noriega fac- tions are trying to enlist the Jews. However, according to Kovadloff, the Jews are play- ing it smart and not taking sides. Traditionally, Kovadloff said, anti-Semitism has been intense in Argentina and Mexico. He blamed the in- fluence of the Catholic Church, which has a history of belonging to the political- ly conservative right wing. While in Argentina, Kovadloff manned the AJCommittee South Ameri- can office in Buenos Aires, but was forced to leave in 1977 because of anti-Semitic threats. Presently, anti- Semitism is promoted in a new way, via anti-Zionism espoused by the Palestine Liberation Organization which has opened offices in these countries. On the other hand, Brazil and Chile have experienced the least amount of anti-Semitism, Kovadloff explained, because the church is separate from the state and these countries are more progressive than their neighbors. In Chile, for exam- ple, the country's 20,000 Jews "have been well integrated since the beginning (of their arrival there)." On Yom Yerushalayim, the Jews are joined in their celebration of the reunification of Jerusalem by other Chileans. Jacobo Kovadloff Kovadloff said there is a trend for South American Jews to leave their homelands, not because of persecution but for economic reasons. Very few come to the U.S. and Israel. Most go to Australia, New Zealand, Spain and Venezuela. Jews first came to Argen- tina, Kovadloff's native coun- try, about 150 years ago. Massive immigration began about 50 years later. As they arrived, Jews made signifi- cant contributions to agriculture and helped organize the labor unions. Although democracies in Latin America bode well for the Jews, "we are afraid of the future of these democracies," Kovadloff explained. He cited the economic problems suf- fered by those countries, evidence that the militaries are trying to regain their positions and the presence of PLO and offices representing Arab countries who actively espouse anti-Zionism. Shoah Stands In Way Of Band's Vienna Visit SUSAN LUDMER-GLIEBE Special to The Jewish News A nn Arbor — It sounded like a won- derful opportunity: The Pioneer High Symphony Orchestra had been invited to the International Youth and Music Festival to be held in Vienna next year. But when one member of the Ann Arbor Board of Education learned about the invitation to the festival — sponsored by the Association for International Cultural Exchange, the city of Vienna and the Austrian Ministry of Education and Art — she was less than thrilled about it. "I'm not comfortable with Ann Arbor money being spent in a country whose government is a major traves- ty," Board Member Ellen Of- fen told those attending the May board of education meeting. Offen was referring specifically to the president of Austria, Kurt Waldheim, ac- cused of complicity in Nazi atrocities that occurred in Yugoslavia and Greece dur- ing World War II. What par- ticularly upset Offen, she ex- plained later, was what she saw as the total lack of con- sideration given to the invitation. Offen's comments were the most vocal and pointed, but her concern's were shared by others. Board President Lynn Rivers, who is not Jewish, thought that students, par- ticularly those who were go- ing as a school group to a foreign country, should be given an overall sense of a country's history. "Someone should be sen- sitive to the beauty and cultural traditions of a coun- try but also should be sen- sitive to other (negative) traditions," Rivers said. Tanya Israel, board trustee, agreed and pointed out that for years she has been in- terested in incorporating the Holocaust into the school curriculum. Though no public monies would be spent if the or- chestra were to go to Vienna, the board must give its ap- proval to the trip. The board is scheduled to vote on the or- chestra's request Wednesday. Israel said that she would not vote against the request; Of- fen did not say how she would vote. Some thought that Offen's comments confused the issue directly at hand — whether or not the students would be able to attend the festival. "As the child of two parents who are Holocaust survivors, I think I'm quite sensitive to the issue," explained Susan Kluger, whose daughter plays the flute in the orchestra. "This is an extraordinary in- vitation." Kluger said that, in spite of