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Vienna's B'nai B'rith
Offered Freud A Forum
It was 90 years ago that Sig-
mund Freud publicly pre-
sented his groundbreaking
interpretation of dreams. But
the setting was scarcely the
academic world that he would
have desired.
On Dec. 7, 1897, Freud de-
livered the first of two lec-
tures on "Dream Interpreta-
tion" to the Vienna B'nai
B'rith lodge, which he had
joined only ten weeks earlier.
Out of those lectures came
the landmark volume The In-
terpretation of Dreams (1899),
which was to revolutionize
modern psychology as it enor-
mously affected the intellec-
tual and literary worlds of the
20th century.
Why B'nai B'rith as the au-
dience? Freud was keenly
aware of the enormous
resistance in the scientific
and academic communities to
his new psychoanalytical
theories. In letters to a friend,
Wilhelm Fliess, he said, "I
am completely isolated . . . a
void is forming around me."
Anti-Semitism in Vienna,
even in academic circles, was
a palpable reality. Freud's
biographer, Ernest Jones,
notes that the founder of
psychoanalysis was disturbed
by the racist phenomenon
from his early school days and
later, especially at the
University of Vienna. Freud
himself remembered how he
"experienced some ap-
preciable disappointment" at
the academic institution
since "I found that I was ex-
pected to feel myself inferior
and an alien because I was a
Jews'
The atmosphere of bigotry
and hostility compelled him
to turn to B'nai B'rith.
Earlier that year, he recorded
a dream in which he appeared
as a Jew — alone, lost and
confused in a strange environ-
ment. The dream had ex-
pressed the need for the aid
and encouragement of other
Jews.
Freud much later (May 6,
1926) wrote to his lodge
members recalling: "At a
time when no one in Europe
would listen to me and I had
no pupils in Vienna, you of-
fered me your sympathetic at-
tention. You were my first au-
dience."
Even if the B'nai B'rith au-
dience comprised laymen,
Freud observed in a letter to
Fliess, the lecture won an en-
1760 Telegraph Rd., Suite 201, Bloomfield Hills, MI 48073-5875
HOURS: MONDAY-THURSDAY 9:30
FRIDAY 9:30-6:00
38
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 18, 1987
Just south of Orchard Lake .s Rd.
(313)338-7700
•
Dr. William Korey is director of
international policy for B'nai B'rith
International.
Freud: Dreaming.
thusiastic reception. He was
prompted to provide the lodge
with the benefits of his addi-
tional explorations in
psychoanalysis, delivering
eight lectures during the next
five years.
Freud's relationship with
the lodge until 1907 was
remarkably close and in-
timate. He attended almost
every meeting and served on
various committees. He
recruited members to his own
lodge and proudly signed up
the first member of a newly-
created lodge in 1903. As
chairman of the cultural com-
mittee, his role was especial-
ly active. The responsibilities
of the committee included
maintaining a library, ar-
ranging lectures, encouraging
the publication of articles and
sponsoring debates. In a let-
ter on his 80th birthday,
Freud wrote how he and the
lodge members shared a
"total agreement of cultural
and humanitarian ideals as
well as the same joyful
ackownledgement of Jewish
descent and Jewish ex-
istence."
Two years later, in 1938, the
relationship between Freud
and B'nai B'rith would be
overwhelmed by • the
traumatic "Anschluss," when
Austria was absorbed into
Hitler's Greater Reich. Freud
was forced to flee. The lodge
was dismantled.
But remembrance remains
a powerful urge. On Dec. 7,
1987, the Vienna B'nai B'rith
marked the anniversary of
Freud's historic address with
a special function jointly
sponsored with the Interna-
tional Freud Society. Another
kind of recognition was ac-
corded the great
psychoanalyst in October by
the Austrian government.
Freud's face and name now
adorns the new 50-shilling
note.
Jewish Telegraphic Agency