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52
FRIDAY DECEMBER 111987
_
Argentine Jews Wary
About Anti-Semitism
AVIVA CANTOR
B
uenos Aires — "Half
the board of the He-
braica Community
Center thinks Argentina is
very anti-Semitic. The other
half says, 'You've never been
to Poland' ."
This comment by Alberto
Senderey, Hebraica's ex-
ecutive director, illustrates
but one of the differences of
opinion currently being ex-
pressed among the Jews of
Argentina, a country with a
long and fearful record of
anti-Semitism.
The debate in the communi-
ty on "how far to go" in sup-
porting the democratic
government of President Raul
Alfonsin is directly related to
these differences in
evaluating the extent of anti-
Semitism in Argentifia as
well as determining how Jews
are perceived by non-Jews. It
is related, as well, to dif-
ferences in evaluating the
strength of the democratic
government given the fact
that this is the first time in 30
years that there have been
3,000 uninterrupted days of
democracy.
Argentine government
leaders, Jewish and non-
Jewish, officially claim there
is no problem with anti-
Semitism at present. Vice
President Victor Martinez
told a delegation of visiting
North American journalists
and communal leaders at a
meeting in the parliament
building that "you are facing
a brand-new Argentina.
There is no racial or other
discrimination — anybody
can work freely and make in-
vestments."
Marcello Stubrin, a young
Jewish deputy whose great-
great-grandfather settled in
an agricultural colony in the
Santa Fe province, said at the
meeting that "the govern-
ment is fighting for human
rights and against problems
like anti-Semitism, which ex-
ist underground in societies
like ours, (led) by enemies of
the government."
It is generally acknowledg-
ed, however, that there are
deep anti-Semitic sentiments
held in the military forces,
the Church, and the
'Peronista movement, whose
Justicialista Party has made
a comeback in this month's
elections. The question is,
how much influence do these
institutions have today in
shaping public opinion in
relation to the Jews?
Every month, there's a
right-wing ceremony taking
place calling for the freeing of
the generals convicted of
human rights atrocities dur-
ing the junta's reign of terror.
There are shouts of "end the
radical synagogue" — a
reference to the Jews Alfonsin
appointed to his cabinet —
Bernardo Grinspun, minister
of planning; Roberto Schte-
ingart, undersecretary of
state for information and
development; Manuel Sadov-
sky, secretary of state for
science and technology; and
Marcos Aguinis, secretary of
culture.
But many Argentine Jews
feel the vast majority of the
population does not harbor
anti-Semitic feelings and
views.
Screenwriter Aida Bortnik,
an active member of the
Radical Party who spent
several years in exile because
"Argentina has a
50-year fascist
history and deep
Catholic
sentiments, part of
which is anti-
Semitism."
of death threats during -the
junta's reign, believes that
"there's no popular anti-
Semitism here. But the
military and the church use
it; they regard Jews as
dangerous people. And the in-
fluence of Nazism was very
strong in the past."
The military, a young
leader in B'nai B'rith Argen-
tina said, learn at their
academy that "Jews are ugly,
they all have money and they
rob the poor." Another young
Jew said that "there are
many streams in the military
but all are anti-democratic,"
adding, "there is an anti-
Semitic element in the
military" as well. Argentina,
he said, has "a 50-year fascist
history and deep Catholic
sentiments, part of which is
anti-Semitism. These are not
easy to eradicate."
Herman Schiller, whose
newspaper Nueva Presencia
fought for human rights dur-
ing the reign of terror said
that the junta tried to
popularize anti-Semitism at
that time, but did not succeed.
Now, he said, anti-Semitism
has become "unfashionable"
because "the people have a
great hatred for the military.
They know what the military
did to the Jews" — a reference
to the estimated 1,500 Jewish
desaparecidos (disappeared