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Judaism's Future Is
Bright, Experts Say

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New York (JTA) — Despite
divisions among American
Jews, the future of Judaism is
bright, according to promi-
nent Orthodox, Conservative
and Reform Judaism leaders.
They agreed in a symposium
at Fordham University last
week that the unity of the
Jewish people depends on
civility, respect and coopera-
tion by the three major
streams of contemporary
Judaism.
"Pluralism exists in Jewish
life. This is a fact:' Rabbi
Emanuel Rackman, a leader
of Orthodox Judaism in
America and Chancellor of
Bar Ilan University, asserted.
"Unity, however, is hard to
achieve. I am concerned with
civility. It is impossible to say
that all groups are equally
right. But we should learn
from each other," he said.
Rabbi Alfred Gottschalk a
leader of Reform Judaism and
president of the Hebrew
Union College-Jewish In-
stitute of Religion, concurred
about civility, but he said
that pluralism in the Jewish
community should be en-
couraged. He said he believes
in "unity in Jewish life but
not in uniformity. Jewish life
can only be enriched by diver-
sity and pluralism, he claimed.
In the view of Rabbi Wolf
Kelman, a leader of Conser-
vative Judaism and executive
vice president of the Rab-
binical Assembly, there is "a
de facto unity" in the Amer-
ican Jewish community. But,
Kelman maintained, there is
no de jure unity in Judaism
here because one branch of
Judaism does not recognize
"the legitimacy" of the other
groups. "No one has a mon-
opoly on holiness," Kelman
said emphatically.
The symposium was or-
ganized and moderated by
Rabbi William Berkowitz, na-
tional president Of the

Americans Jewish Heritage
Committee in association
with The Dialogue Forum
Series, which is sponsored by
Berkowitz.
The three rabbis agreed
that the American Jewish
community "has never been
in a better shape" as Kelman
asserted. Noting that 40 and
50 years ago many Jews con-
verted to Christianity, "today
many return to Judaism, in
almost unprecedented num-
bers in the last 150 years:' He
said that the amount of
books published in America
on Jewish subjects and the
number of people who study
and learn Judaism and other
Jewish subjects has no
parallel in Jewish history.
"This is the greatest golden
age of Jewish life since the
golden age of the Jews in
Spain," Gottschalk said. He
pointed out, however, that at
the same time the vast ma-
jority of American Jews are
still unaffiliated and only a
small percentage is in the
"Thrah movement:'
Rackman contended that
the most Jews "Jewishness is
most superficial. They use it
as a right of passage, for
birth, wedding and death," he
said. He said that in his view,
the Ibrah is "eternal", should
be able, therefore, to cope
with eternity.
The most controversial
issue confronting the three
panelists was the "Who is a
Jew" question, a controversy
that has caused a political
uproar in Israel and in the
American Jewish community.
The Orthodox want to
amend the Law of Return in
Israel to recognize converts to
Judaism only those who were
converted according to
halacha, or by Orthodox rab-
bis. Conversions by conser-
vative and Reform rabbis
wold not be valid, according
to he proposed amendment.

.

Leaders Criticize. New
Israeli Economic Plan

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48 Friday, December 26, 1986 THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Jerusalem (JTA) — The
new economic plan which
Finance Minister Moshe
Nissim intends to present to
the. Cabinet faced a massive
revolt last week. Labor Party
ministers, gathered at the
home of Vice Prime Minister
Shimon Peres, stated they
Would "not support" the plan
"as it is presently for-
mulated."
It was unanimously re-
jected by the Histadrut Ex-
ecutive where both Labor and
Likud members urged that it
be "remodeled" so that "the
economy burdens will be
equally shared." The threat of
the general strike was voiced
if the governnient attempted
to implement the plan with-

out negotiating the dispute
features with the labor
federation.
It calls for an overhaul of
the tax system and capital
market and a reduction of the
national budget by a half
billion Shekels.
The plan has been attacked
by the Manufacturers Asso-
ciation representing the coun-
try's industrialists and
employers, on grounds that it •
fails to sufficiently stimulate
production and exports.
Defense Minister Yitzhak
Rabin has been the most
outspoken critic. He told the
meeting at Peres' home that
he would "vote against it,
categorically!' He said the
reductions in the defense