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Friday, September 19, 1986 THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

• WINDSOR

•944-2677

DEARBORN

277-7744

4

NEWS

Cantors Are Singing
A Different Tune

New York (JTA) — That
uniquely Jewish clergyman,
the cantor, is threatened with
extinction as economics and
sociology combine to curtail •
the supply of replacements
for a rapidly-aging generation
of European-trained prayer
leaders.
Unlike other faiths where
the priest or spiritual leader
conducts the liturgy, in
Judaism it is the cantor who
helps lead the congregation in
prayer. It is his responsibility
to interpret traditional modes
and chants that vary with
each particular occasion —
Sabbath, Passover, High
Holidays — and to evoke feel-
ings of spirituality among the
worshippers through his mel-
odious renditions of the
Psalms and scriptural texts
that form the basis, of the
service.
Until recently, the major
source of cantors for con-
the United
gregations :
States has n ee the shtetl of
Eastern Europe, where gener-
ations of vocally-gifted and
pious young Jewish lads
would study the cantorial art
at the feet of the community's
senior hazzan. That source
disappeared forever during
the Nazi Holocaust.
With the proliferation of
synagogues in the U.S. after
World War II, the chief edu-
cational institutions of
Judaism's three branches —
Orthodox, Conservative and
Reform — each developed
cantorial institutes for the
training of indigenous Amer-
ican hazzanim (cantors).
lbday, the cantorate as a
career for musically-talented
young Jewish men seems to
have fallen on hard times,
despite salaries that average
over $40,000 a year, plus
benefits. Cantors in a few of
the most prestigious congre-
gations can earn upwards of
$70,000 per year, according to
Cantor Samuel Rosenbaum of
Rochester, N.Y., executive vice
president of the Cantors
Assembly (Conservative), the
world's largest body of haz-
zanim. Yet there is a dearth of
candidates for the profession.
This year, only 11 cantors
were graduated in the United
States. Eight were women in-
vested by the School of
Sacred Music at the Hebrew
Union College (Reform), the
only branch of Judaism that
permits women to officiate as
cantors. Two male cantors
were graduated from the Belz
School of Jewish Music at
Yeshiva University (Ortho-
dox). Only one student was
graduated from the Cantors
Institute (Conservative) this
June, while some 60 Conser-
vative congregations are now
actively seeking full-time can-
tors for their pulpits.
Perhaps it's the lure of
show business — many can-

tors are frustrated opera
singers — that has discour-
aged candidates for cantorial
training. Another turn-off is
a reluctance to get inolved in
every facet of congregational
life — officiating at weddings
and funerals, teaching Bar
and Bat-Mitzvah students,
conducting the choir, counsel-
ing congregants. These re-
sponsibilities make the con-
temporary cantorate • a full-
time ministry.
Half a century ago, many of
the great cantors (Rosenblatt,
Kusevitsky and others) were
star performers who at-
tracted overflow audiences to
their synagogues — and
often to their cantorial con-
certs. They never gave Bar
Mitzvah lessons.
Whatever the reasons, the
demand for cantors far ex-
ceeds the supply — and the
situation becomes more crit-
ical with each passing year as
European-trained cantors
reach retirement age.
lb alleviate the shortage,
the Cantors Assembly recent-
ly voted to establish a $1
million fund to underwrite
scholarships to encourage the
training of the 150 to 200
qualified cantors needed in
the next decade. "The ship is
leaking and we need to do
something about it quickly,"
Rosenbaum says.

Soviet Jewry
Conference
Held In Paris.

Paris (JTA) — President
Francois Mitterrand prom-
ised last week that "the cause
of Soviet Jewry could not and
would not be abandoned." He
made the pledge to four
Jewish leaders who met with
him on the occasion of the an-
nual meeting of the European
Branch of the International
Conference for Soviet Jewry
which opened here Wed-
nesday.
The delegation included
Natan Shcharansky, the aliya
activist now a citizen of
Israel; Seymour Reich, presi-
dent of B'nai B'rith Interna-
tional; Leon Dulzin, chairman
of the World Zionist Organ-
ization and Jewish Agency
Executives; and Theo Klein,
president of the Represen-
tative Council of Jewish
Organizations in France
(CRIF). They were accom-
panied by Ovadia Sofer,
Israel's Ambassador to
France.
Shcharansky had also met
privately with Mitterrand to
thank the French leader for
his personal intervention
which helped secure Shchar-
ansky's release last February
after nine years' imprison-
ment in the Soviet Union.

—I