7,4

38 Friday, April 25, 1986

THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

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times the number at Treblin-
berg and Streicher, were sen-
ka. Hoess, incidentally, was
tenced to hang. Three were
considered so able an admin-
given life terms and two were
istrator that he was pro-
acquitted. One received a 10
moted to superintendant of
year sentence, two were given
all the concentration camps.
20 years, and von Neurath a
Death in the gas chambers
15 year sentence.
was not the only method used
Of those acquitted, Hjal-
by the Nazis. Under Himm-
mar Schaht made the most
ler's aegis, roving bands of
effective court appearance
Nazi execution squads, known
although he was obviously a
as Einsatzgruppen, followed
Nazi sympathizer. Schacht
regular German army troops
was the financial genius who
into the Soviet Union in order
helped the Nazis acquire the
to murder Jews. Details of
money to implement their re-
the activities of one such
armament. During his exami-
squad, Group D, came from
nation, he was asked about
the mouth of the officer who
the atrocities the Nazis had
commanded the unit, Otto
perpetuated during the war
Ohlendorf. At Nuremberg, he
and the reporting of those
testified that between June
atrocities by the BBC. Said
1941 and June 1942, his unit
Schacht, "The BBC dealt on-
alone had killed 90,000 peo-
ly in rotten propaganda —
ple.
Jewish if not in diction in
One of the most emotional
style, of the kind no decent
moments of the trial came
German would listen to."
when films depicting the hor-
The luckiest man at Nur- ,
rendous savagery of the
emberg was Albert Speer; he
death camps were shown.
received a 20 year sentence
The Russians provided a re-
although the Russians want-
voltingly graphic portrait of
ed him executed. Speer's life
the victims of Maidanek and
was spared because at Nur-
the British projected the vi-
emberg, he adopted a contrite
sion of hell which they had
behavioral mode, -condemned
found in Bergen Belsen:
•
Nazi atrocities, and accepted
It is interesting to note the
indirect responsibility for
reaction of the Nuremberg
them but subtly pointed out
defendants to the film foot-
that he was not aware of
age. At first, some of them,
them.
especially Goering, refused to
Justice Jackson summed
look at the screen. Then, one .
up the Nuremberg trials in
after another, they cast fleet-
the following way: "The
ing glances at the flickering
wrongs which we seek to pun-
images of human bodies in
ish have been so calculated,
various stages of decomposi-
so malignant, and so devasta-
tion, at mounds of shoes,
ting, that civilization cannot
glasses and other belongings
tolerate their being ignored,
which the Nazis had so care-
because it cannot survive be-
fully arranged while their
ing repeated. That four great
owners were beinocgassed.
nations,• flushed with victory
and stung with injury stay
What was the response of
the hand of vengeance and
the, defendants to the films,
voluntarily submit their cap-
. the written evidence, and the
tive enemies to the judgment
personal testimonies of a few
of the law is one of the most
of the survivors? Most ex-
significant tributes that Powt
pressed horror at the concen-
er hag ever paid to Reason."
tration camp scenes. In con-
versations with American ar-
my psychiatrist Gilbert in
Arnold Ages is a professor at
their cells, several of the
the University of Waterloo,
defendants said that Hoess
Ontario, Canada.
must have been a South Ger-
man since no Prussian could
even have been involved in
the crimes he was.
Kibbutzim Seek
Faced with the overwhelm-
. ing factuality of the Nazi
Volunteers
atrocities against Jews and
gentiles, the majority of the
New . York -- Israel's kibbutz
defendants at Nuremberg
movement has issued a request
realized that their only de- for volunteers.
fense could be ignorance of
Avik Malkin, director of the
what had occurred. In order Kibbutz Aliyah Desk, said there
to exculpate themselves, they is a need for volunteers for most
of Israel's 280 kibbutzim.
laid the blame on Hitler,
He said the recent announce-
Himmler, Eichmann and Bor.
mann, all of whom, they ment by Deganya Alef, Israel's
claimed, gave orders which oldest collective settlement, that
it would no longer welcome over-
led to the annihilation cam-
seas volunteers, "is an isolated
paign.
situation, reflecting the particu-
The judge's at Nuremberg
lar needs of an individual kib-
did not buy this alibi. When
butz; while most of the kibbutzim
the verdicts were handed
need, and continue to welcome
down in 1946, 12 of the defen-
volunteers from abroad."
dants, including Goering,
For information about volui-
Frick, Frank, Jodl, Keitel,
teer as4ignments, write Kibbutz
Sess-Inquart, von Ribben-
Aliyah Desk, 27 W. 20th Street,
trop, Kaltenbrtumer,...Rosen- _ New York, 10011.