20
Friday, January 11, 1985
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
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TABLE TOPS
EXPERT INSTALLATION AVAILABLE
VISIT
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SHOWROOM
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A
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was certainly not sympathetic
to the desires of any of his peo-
ple to emigrate.
Ethiopia's Jews claim
descendency from Menelik, son
of the union of King Solomon
and the Queen of Sheba. So do
Ethiopia's Christians, who have
retained many Judaic practices
in their Coptic church. Other
hypotheses about the origin of
Ethiopia's Jews include a claim
that they are the remnant of the
lost Tribe of Dan, Samson's
tribe; that they are descendants
of an indigenous tribe that was
converted to Judaism
thousands of years ago during a
period of active Jewish pro-
selytization in Africa, or that
they are the product of migra-
tion from the ancient Jewish
community of nearby Yemen.
Perhaps significantly, the Jews
of Ethiopia had been in close
communication with Yemenite
Jews until Operation Magic
Carpet transported the
Yemenite Jewish community to
Israel 35 years ago.
Not until 1975 did Israeli
authorities grant the black Jews
of Ethiopia the right to citizen-
ship under the Law of Return.
Until the requirement was waiv-
ed just this past November,
Ethiopian adult males still had
to submit in Israel to a form of
conversion including a symbolic
second circumcision (the shed-
ding of a drop of blood). Nor
were Ethiopian priests recogniz-
ed as rabbis (the first Ethiopian-
born rabbi was ordained in
Israel earlier this year.
Until now, efforts by suc-
cessive Israeli governments to
bring about an Ethiopian aliyah
were either frustrated, accor-
ding to apologists, or lackluster,
according to critics. Even
I§rael's most ardent partisans
concede now that Menachem
Begin was the first prime
minister to embrace the dream
of an Ethiopian aliyah. He pro-
mised a operation — this one, as
it turned out — much more
dramatic than any other Israeli
exploit.
Most Jews remaining in
Ethiopia cluster in small
villages scattered around the
Gondar province, located to the
north and west of Addis Ababa.
The Sudan lies to the west. To
the east and north are the
Tigray and Eritrean provinces,
hotbeds of resistance to
Mengistu's rule and very hard
hit by the famine. Further east
is Somalia, also warring with
Mengistu. Rebel groups are
reported to control large
segments of the countryside,
especially at night. Our group's
scheduled tour of the fabled rock
castles of Lalibela was canceled
when the government lost con-
trol of the region only two weeks
before our arrival.
If it doesn't rain next month,
the killing famine will surely
strike next in Gondar. As we
made our way across the parch-
ed fields to visit five Jewish
villages, we could see that fields
which should have been green at
that season were brown. The
meager crops in the cultivated
fields — te'ef, the basic grain
like sorgum, used to make the
Ethiopian bread, ingira; some
sorgum, and a few ears of corn
— were stunted and dry. It
didn't take an agricultural ex-
pert to recognize what the deep
cracks and fissures cutting
through the soil meant.
Walleka, one of scores of small
villages in Gondar, may be the
Ethiopian govenment's Jewish
"show village," — the one where
they take all the tourists. But
the women there still grow
goiters the size of grapefruits.
Babies' eyes ooze with fly-
attracting pus from trachoma.
Young boys' legs swell and
fester with untreated sores.
A few women wear robes em-
broidered with six-pointed stars
and pose charmingly for
tourists' photographs. Many