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Friday, December 28, 1984 THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

"Herb's Flemish Deal"

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Dealing with famine

Continued from preceding page

famine complained that equally
needed resources were being di-
verted from their own urgent
needs in response to publicity
about Ethiopia's disaster ex-
clusively. In Chad, up to 2 mil-
lion people, half the population,
are reported in danger of starv-
ing. In Mozambique, as many as
200,000 have already died from
the famine in the past three
years, and 4.7 million are in
jeopardy. In Mali, estimates are
that 300,000 people may die of
hunger. In the Sudan, hundreds
of thousands of refugees from
Ethiopia have arrived, causing
that government to ask more in-
ternational aid to feed the in-
flux.
No one questions the fact that
Ethiopia will require massive in-
ternational aid in order to re-
cover from the effects of the cur-
rent famine. This is not a one-
shot disaster relief effort which
can be concluded in a couple of
months. The entire sub-Saharan
region is confronted by an over-
whelming problem of underde-
velopment.
There are two urgent priori-
ties: to feed the people and to
reestablish agriculture by provi-
sions of seed, irrigation, agricul-

tural implements and livestock.
In addition, a high population
growth — 4% in Ethiopia — is
widely regarded as a major
cause of the food problem.
Experts warn that an out-
pouring of compassion for vic-
tims of the famine in Africa
should not blind governments —
or individuals — to the long-
term requirements for solving
the problems that exacerbated
the natural disaster. Just
feeding the people will not do
the job.
In that vein, relief officials
also urge those who wish to aid
the famine victims not to collect
food in gymnasiums. Shipment
will be prohibitively expensive if
not impossible. Financial aid is
usually the most flexible and
useful form of assistance for
emergency victims since it can
be used to purchase food, medi-
cine, transport or whatever is re-
quired from the nearest source..
The Jewish organization offi-
cially charged with channeling
relief funds to famine victims in
Ethiopia is the American Jewish
Joint Distribution Committee, a
beneficiary, through the Jewish
Welfare Federation of Detroit.

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Power source created

Beersheva (JTA) — A Soviet-
born scientist at Ben-Gurion Uni-
versity of the Negev has demon-
strated the wonders of converting
heat to electricity from a power
plant with no moving parts. Prof.
Herman Branover and his team
unveiled the "Etgar 3" (Challenge
3), the first semi-industrial liquid
metal MHD (magnetohyd-
rodynamic) generator, last week
on the campus of the university.
Branover said his heat-to-
electricity process, the result of
seven years of scientific research,
is "ahead of both the United
States and the Soviet Union, who
have been working on this princi-
ple for 20 years."
Magnetohydrodynamics is the
science behind Branover's unique
power plant that can run on any
heat source and can save up to
one-third on conventional fuel us-
age.
The development of the
generator is financed by Solmecs,
a British-Israeli corporation, and
Israel's Trade and Industry
Ministry. Peter Kalms, managing
director of Solmecs, said he has
been in touch with several pro-
spective purchasers with "avail-
able funds, current needs and the
right attitude towards innova-
tion." These include Southern
California Edison, Co. which re-
portedly plans to use the
Branover invention for producing
electric power in California.
Dr. Michael Petrick, program
director for fossil energy at the
Argonne National Laboratory
outside Chicago, which cooper-

ated closely in the research for the
generator, said it can operate
under a wide spectrum of heat
conditions, with some 66 percent
efficiency — a very high peicent-
age of use of available heat, and
far higher than the conventional
method. Argonne is one of the
U.S. Department of Energy's
major multi-purpose laboratories.
The Branover system is unique
among MHD generators in that it
uses liquid metal flowing between
two poles of a magnet to generate
electricity in relatively low tem-
peratures of 100 to 300 degrees
centigrade. The U.S. and Soviet
MHD generators, still in the ex-
perimental stage, use ionized gas
heated to 3,000 degrees centig-
rade.
Branover said he sees Etgar 3,
which generates 10 kilowats of
power, as the final stage before
the construction of industrial
power plants capable of generat-
ing as much as 10,000 kilowatts of
electricity.
According to Branover, "The
main advantage of the method is
its efficiency. Under optimal con-
ditions, it can create a specific
quantity of electricity from two-
thirds the quantity of fuel re-
quired in other methods."
Branover pointed out that
power stations already in opera-
tion make huge investments to
increase efficiency by only a frac-
tion of percent for vast savings in
fuel. In a small country like Is-
rael, saving just one percent in
fuel means saving hundreds of
millions of dollars.