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"So he asked me to be his lawyer, and said, 'They'll break all the laws to beat us, but I can beat him (Tony Boyle).' And I said, 'Well, you're in, I'm in,' and my life really changed a good deal. "We did win that fight. We got counted out in the union election — they violated the law and were just terrible — but Jock said' he was going to fight on and win. "We went down to the Labor Department, trying to get them to upset the election, and Jock and I had our picture taken." Rauh got up and walked over to the wall where the pic- ture was hanging. He is a tall man with white hair and friendly, glasses-framed eyes, and when he points to some- thing, his big hands indicate it casually, but very definitely. This is the one I always call The Murder Picture,' " he said. We were at the Labor Department and this picture came out with the statement, `Yablonski To Try To Upset Election.' And that's when Boyle sent the order to kill him. "The labor movement, in a sense, is like the Republican Party. The Republicans are denouncing the Democrats (of which I am a loyal member) for saying that there are wrongs in this country that should be righted. They say we're gloom and doom. I *ouldn't say that trying to make the country better is gloom and doom, but that's Reagan's line. "That's exactly the same attitude that the labor move- ment has toward those who would criticize corruption and lack of democratic practices. I believe so deeply in the labor movement as the greatest force for democracy in America 'that I want it im- proved. "A young man coming to Washington as a liberal might not be as pro labor as I was, at least not in the devout sense that we were when we came here in the '30s. The son of a Reform Jewish Cincinnati, Ohio, shirt man- ufacturer, Rauh came to Washington in 1935, fresh out of Harvard College and Har- vard Law School (both magna cum laude), and chock full of Felix Frankfurter's liberal fire. "I was one of the Frankfurter Hot Dogs," he said. "I'm one of those who were sent down here by then Professor Frankfurter. He didn't become a justice until 1939. I was here four years be- fore he was. He had sent more young people to Washington than everybody else put to- gether. He was sort of the scout and recruiter for kids who wanted to work for Roosevelt. "I went to work for Ben Cohen and Tommy Corcoran. Then I became Justice Car- dozo's law clerk, and then I be- came Felix's. So I've always said that anybody who had Frankfurter as a teacher, then One of the things that has happened is that there's been this terrible split between labor and liberals." had worked for Ben Cohen, Benjamin Cardozo and Felix Frankfurter (I became Frankfurter's first law clerk in Washington), could hardly have been anything else but liberal. I make no suggestion that there was any free will operating there. "But how could a guy have been luckier than I was?" Rauh pointed to photographs of Frankfurter and Cardozo on his wall. "My liberal motiva- tions were foreordained. So if you came to Washington in 1935, liberalism and labor were one. I mean, one of the things that liberals were most for was labor. "I couldn't have avoided labor law if I had tried. I was Justice Cardozo's law clerk when the Wagner Act was de- clared constitutional in 1937. Cardozo didn't have any chil- dren or close relatives, so you were his son: during the period you were permitted to be his law clerk. You rode to court with him on Saturday — the conference meetings were on Saturdays then — and riding back he'd tell you what hap- pened. He always called me Mis- ter. I was 25 years old. He said `Mr. Rauh, you'll never believe what happened.' I said, 'Yes sir. I'm dying to find out.' He said, 'Chief Justice Hughes and Justice Roberts voted with us and they didn't even men- tion all the cases they'd been for that went the other way.' He said they buried cases without ever mentioning them that day. It was all the Roosevelt court packing plan. The liberals had finally taken over the court. There were about five cases that day, and in all of them the Supreme Court upheld the Wagner Act. It was exciting." "Of course the Jews were a tremendous influence (in the labor movement)," said Rauh, who is Jewish himself. "Dubinsky (the leader of the International Ladies Garment Union) was a great character, an absolutely incredible guy. He didn't agree with the ADA foreign policy. He'd call me all sorts of names and then he'd hand me enough money to keep the organization going for another year. "Why? Because we were going in the same general di- rection. He saw the impor- tance of liberal-labor coopera- tion. He never once said, `Look, brother, either you take this position or no go.' He never once tried to throw his money around. There was a kind of beauty about him that you had to like. You knew that he thought you were nuts, and you knew that he couldn't dis- agree with you more, but he never made his support con- tingent on your accepting his position. "I remember Sidney Hill- man well, too," said Rauh, re- ferring to a founder of the CIO and president of the Amalga- mated Clothing Workers of America. "He was down here in 1940-1941 on preparedness for war. In September of 1940, - Justice Frankfurter called me - up and said, 'Joe, what are you doing?' I said, 'Well, I'm doing something, but what am I sup- posed to be doing?" "He said 'Come right up here.' So I rush up to the court, and he said, want you to go see Sidney Hillman. I've got a very important matter to dis- cuss with him. Bob Patterson, the Undersecretary of War, a Republican, is going to make a speech for Roosevelt and the President's worried that if Patterson makes a speech, for Roosevelt, Bill Knudsen (Di- rector General of the Office of Production Management) will want to make a speech for Willkie, because he'll feel that he doesn't want it to look like the whole war effort was for him. And a speech by Knudsen for Willkie will hurt him more than a speech by Patterson for him.' "So Roosevelt tells Felix, `Find out for me.' And Frankfurter tells me, 'You go -- see Sidney and see what •you can find out.' So I went over to the Office of Production Man- agement and said, 'Mr. Hill- man, I've been sent over here by your friend, Felix .