friday,-'Ajj t":1984 73 THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS COUPON DOUBLE DISCOUNT rather than proposing revo- lutionary ideologies." It was only in his old age that DuBois turned to Communism; Kallen, on the contrary, late in his career opposed Communism be- cause of its totalitarian practices. The career of each of them is discussed at some length. DuBois' relations with blacks as well as his own in- tellectual development is stressed. Kallen, while at Harvard, came under the influence of William James, became his favorite student and assistant, and em- braced James' philosophy of pragmatism. As a - Jew, however, not all academic doors were open to him and he accepted a place on the faculty of the liberal Uni- versity of Wisconsin. He early became a Zionist and took an active part in Jewish activities. After 1918, Kallen joined the newly-established New School of Social Research and remained there to the end of his long life. In time he propounded the philos- ophy of a pluralistic society, which extended to society the freedom which religious experience provided the in- dividual. Ralph Melnick's Ludwig Lewisohn: The Early Char- leston Years, deals with the youthful development of Ludwig, who was born in Berlin in 1882 and brought to South Carolina in 1890. The family came to St. Mathews, where they were welcomed by Mrs. Lewisohn's brother. Jaques Lewisohn, like so many Jews born in Germany, was deeply Germanic in outlook. `Equal access' bill seen as unconstitutional Washington — Proposed congressional legislation giving religious clubs - "equal access" to public school facilities with other student organizations could lead to a religious divisive- ness or added pressure on students of minority reli- gions, according to the American Jewish Congress. Citing a resolution passed during the group's conven- tion in Baltimore last week, AJCongress executive committee member Barry Ungar said that "the bill .. . would introduce into the public schools the very dan- gers the First Amendment to the Constitutiori seeks to avoid." AWACS pledge New York — The Na- tional Council of Young Is- rael (NCYI) has urged all candidates for the Presidency to pledge to withhold the 1985 scheduled delivery a ship- ment of AWACS airplanes to Saudi Arabia. NCYI President Harold Jacobs issued the request at the organization's 72nd an- niversary banquet in New York last week. An agnostic and a lover of books, he was a poor busi- nessman. He had failed in Berlin and soon failed in St. Mathews. Moving to Char- leston, he made a meager living as a salesman. There being no public schools then, Ludwig was enrolled in a Methodist school, but he found the teacher uncongenial to him and persuaded his mother to Horace Kallen teach him at home. He early became an avid reader, and was able to enter high school at the age of 11 and college at 15. He also began to write in his early teens and was an excellent student. All the while he was a loner, though not by choice. Even though he attended Sunday school and considered him- self a Methodist, boys thought of him as a Jew and taunted him accordingly. Eager as he was to teach English on graduating from college at 19, he was re- jected as a Jew. The final essay, The Two Sons' in America: David Ben-Gurion and Yitzhak Ben Zvi, and the Formation of Hechalutz, 1915-1916, by Shabtai Teveth, describes the experiences of these two dedicated Zionists during their sojourn in the United States and their efforts to organize a Hechalutz — an army of pioneers to migrate to Palestine and help de- velop it into the future homeland. They were favorably received by the New York Poale Zion organ- ization and were assisted in visiting American cities to seek enlistments for their project. Hungarians will mark Holocaust Jerusalem — Several thousand Hungarian- speaking Jews from all over the world will gather in Jerusalem in July, forty years after the attempted Nazi destruction of Hunga- rian Jewry. The First World Confer- ence of Hungarian- speaking Jews aims to reun- ite a community shattered by Nazi persecution; to highlight the contribution of Hungarian Jews to all areas of human achieve- ment and endeavor; and to preserve the ancient heri- tage of the Jews of Hungary. In 1915, American Poale Zionists were poor immig- rants who dreamt of a fu- ture Israel but had neither the means nor the will to enlist in a semi-military organization. C o n- sequently , neither of the two organizers had much success in their travels, at- tracting only small audi- ences and gaining few re- cruits. In the end they gained a hundred doubtful recruits. In 1916, the Hechalutz was disbanded. As is most often the case, the writing in a collection of this kind tends to be un- even, with some studies well organized and clear in exposition; in others the fac- tual material has not been well organized, or discussed effectively. In the Lewisohn study, for instance, more is made of the influence on Ludwig in St. Mathews, where he lived less than two years, than in Charleston, where he re- mained ten years. Too much is said about the elder Lewisohn's failure as a businessman. The study of the Jewish migra- tion also suffers from too much detail and poor organ- ization; and the study of the Scopes trial measures up neither in content nor in treatment to some of the other studies. The volume as a whole, however, is a worthy addi- tion to certain aspects of American Jewish history. 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