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July 22, 1983 - Image 14

Resource type:
Text
Publication:
The Detroit Jewish News, 1983-07-22

Disclaimer: Computer generated plain text may have errors. Read more about this.

14 Friday, July 22, 1983

THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Caesarea Harbor Excavators Complete 7th Season

HAIFA — If modern-day
builders of ports could take
the plans for Herod the
Great's port, located at
Caesarea, they could build a

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harbor as advanced as any
in today's world because,
according to Prof. Robert
Hohlfelder of the Univer-
sity of Colorado, "Herod's
engineers were extraordi-
nary officials. The sophisti-
cation and modern quality
of their solutions to the
problems created by the
harbor's location has
amazed us."
"Us" is CAHEP, the
Caesarea Ancient Harbor

Excavation Project, an in-
ternational consortium
founded to facilitate the ex-
cavation and investigation
of the ancient harbor com-
plex at Caesarea.
Masterminded by
Hohlfelder, Dr. John Oleson
of the University of Vic-
toria, Dr. R. Lindley Vann
of the University of Mary-
land, and Dr. Avner Raban
of the University of Haifa's
Center for Maritime

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Studies, CAHEP this year
put more than 100 volun-
teers into the field for the
six-week session of excava-
tions.
According to Dr. Ole-
son, "The plans for this
port, once we finish our
excavation-based draw-
ings, could serve as a
textbook example of how
a harbor should be

built."

discovered by Dr. Raban in
1976.
The investigation of the
southern breakwater was
undertaken with the inten-
tion of tracing its path, so
that an accurate picture of
the harbor basin might be
drawn. Also investigated
were the the exact methods
of construction. What was
found was that the con-
struction of the Roman
breakwater mirrored the
methods used today — by
building up a berm of rubble
and building above it with
both concrete and blocks of
kurkar sandstone the erod-
ing action of the waves was
minimized.
Fulfilling their predic-
tions during this seventh
season of excavations at the
harbor, divers did succeed
in uncovering a large por-
tion of the Roman commer-
cial vessel which now lies
under six feet of water.
The ship, of which
about one-third remains,
is the first well-preserved
wreck of its kind to be
found off the coast of Is-
rael although, according
to Dr. R. Lindley Vann,
similar wrecks have been
found off the southern

The harbor, which was
built by Herod between 22
and 9 BCE to serve his new
capital city of Caesarea
Maritima, made use of con-
crete, local stone and im-
ported marble to create a
harbor basin that was both
extremely functional and
attractive.
In a presentation to the
first conference on
"Mediterranean Harbors in
Antiquity," Oleson pointed
out that some of the mate-
rial used in construction
was not found in the area,
and appears to have been
imported. Although this is
quite common with decora-
tive material, he explained,
there is evidence that a por-
tion of the more common
building material may also
have been imported. To ver-
ify this theory, samples of
the material in question
have been sent to the Uni-
versity of Victoria for neut-
ron activation analysis.
TEL AVIV — The ment in the field of experi-
According to Prof.
Hohlfelder, another unique Lazarus Brothers Chair in mental turbulence, and an
feature of the construction Aerodynamics was inaugu- examination of heat trans-
was that it represented the rated at Tel Aviv Univer- fer in turbulent flow and its
Romans' most extensive use sity's Faculty of Engineer- importance in relation to
of hydraulic cement — a ing during the annual meet- energy.
building material that har- ing of the University's
In addition, contacts
Board of Governors last will be established with
dens underwater.
spring.
Mentioned in the writ-
international institutions
The chair will focus on of higher learning, and
ings of the historian
Flavius Josephus, the advancing study and ex- with local industry, to
harbor is now a pictures- perimentation in the fields provide and exchange in-
que recreational and ar- of turbulence and flow, formation about de-
cheological park located while offering specialized velopments in the field of
halfway between the training for a new cadre of aerodynamics.
cities of Tel Aviv and aerodynamic engineers to
Prof. Israel Wygnanski,
Haifa. According to meet Israel's growing need former dean of the Faculty
for
aerodynamic
know-how
Josephus, who wrote in
of Engineering is the first
great detail about the for both economic and mili- incumbent of the chair,
harbor, there were colos- tary purposes.
which was funded by Ber-
sal statues standing on
Research to be conducted nard and Gunther Lazarus,
columns, towers, great within the framework of the South African indus-
warehouses and wide new Chair's activities will trialists and members of Tel
quays. Everywhere, he include the development of Aviv University's Board of
wrote, was a veneer of new methods of measure- Governors.
radiant white marble.
This year's excavations
centered specifically on the
sunken southern break-
UNITED NATIONS
to extend the mandate of the
water and on the remains of (JTA) — The Security
United Nations Interim
a Roman ship that had been Council voted 13-0 Monday
Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL)
for three months.
The Soviet Union and Po-
land abstained as they usu-
ally do on issues involving
UN forces.
The extension of the
Try Advertising
mandate for three months
was requested by the
Without Your
Lebanese government. The
Competition
resolution adopted today
calls for continuation of the
1978 mandate calling for all
1st Come
parties concerned to cooper-
1st Served!
ate with the 6,000 troop
force for the full implemen-
tation of its tasks, including
the restoration of the
authority of the Lebanese
government in south Leba-
non.
Israel has maintained
that UNIFIL has outlived
its usefulness since its inva-
II 4
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sion of Lebanon in June,
1982.

TAU Aerodynamics Chair

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coast of France.
The remaining portion of
the ship is approximately
100 feet long and is built of
stout planks. The inside of
the hull is built of a
closely-placed series of
thick ribs which are held to
the hull with nails. The
lower section of the exterior
of the hull is sheathed with
lead to prevent its destruc-
tion by woodborers.
According to Dr. Vann,
the discovery of the ship, in
its present condition, alters
the plans for the 1984 sea-
son of excavations.
"Our original research
design called for the excava-
tion of portions of the north-
ern breakwater, as it is in
far better condition than the
remains of the southern
breakwater. In fact, it was
the southern breakwater
that protected the northern
one from the severe weather
conditions. However, now
we will definitely add a de-
tailed examination of the
ship to our plans."
According to the mem-
bers of CAHEP, the under-
water excavations at
Caesarea are believed to be
the most extensive under-
way anywhere in the world.

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