10 Friday, June 24, 1983 THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS New Russian Tactics Look Ominous for Soviet Jewish Refusniks (Continued from Page 8) taken in not paying suffi- cient attention to ethnic languages, monuments, and historical events. This suggests a strategy of sym- In another departure from Brezhnev, Andropov also stated that the Soviet government had been mis- • '• • se • ft ea' - 41 - • • • • • - • • ee • wr • • NOBODY KNOWS • BROADWAY '....,„ • • 4., LIKE CATS • „• NEDERLANDER! %giver • ,, AtEOP Weekly (*alerts es schtlefed airlifts • BrIghto o • • • "'" -7°7:"`".7==== - .7,="4..... "1"• ...=7.,, '"V-. """" • • Plus low low prices to: • • • • • way Me '429 ene way • • • $699 9 round trip • • • • NEOERLANDER TRAVEL CORPORATION • (3131540-0440 • • • Daily 8 a.m.-7 p.m. • Sat. 9 am.-5 p.m. • Sun. 11 a.m.-4 p.m. • • • IF • • • • • • • •' • We • • • ". • • • • • • • •' IV • • V6 0.'4.3 INC LUSIVE FROM $264N 4;S 59 1 9 GREECE :3 ISRAEL 30300 telegraph Rn.. Stine 143 . Birmingham. 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Its chair- man, actor Solomon Mikhoels, was executed in • Championship golf course p. day July 4-8 FAMILY PACKAGE $49 double RATE as low as occ'y THIRD PERSON $25 ONLY call E. Goldstein (313) 557-2566 25839 Southwood — Southfield, MI 48075 DEL AA* -W 0 RID THE bolic gestures to assuage ethnic demands, such as giving publicity to a small Yiddish theater production or publishing a Yiddish language book in limited editions. Early in 1983, for exam- ple, it was reported that the Soviet would publish in 1984 a Russian-Yiddish dic- tionary, 'which had origi- nally been promised for 1979. According to another report, a Yiddish elemen- tary school primer was pub- lished in 10,000 copies and a Yiddish course at the Gorky Institute of Literature in Moscow, begun in 1982, was continuing. These reports have not been confirmed, and may turn out to be un- true. If accurate, the reports indicate that Yuri An- dropov sees Soviet society as an irreducible whole, and is reluctant to release any of its parts. The former KGB director sees treatment of one nationality group closely linked with treat- ment of the others, espe- cially those with foreign connections, and this makes "bargaining" over Jewish emigr4ion more difficult. * * * jEwls KESHER KOSHER TOURS SMAR CHARTER TO LAS VEGAS H.M.H. & F. 557-5145 Crs JUNKETS! JUNKETS! FOR QUALIFIED PLAYERS VEGAS, TAHOE, ATL. CITY, ETC. RYKE TRAVEL 356-8400 t • SCANDINAVIA • Po, s t \siL e TIONAL ‘15. NATIONAL cov kAke r'0.,.WASHINGTOND ,3,0 FALLS '\ kAlsi, • e4 6 , 0 . 4 ,, _- GAtiti - Ask for our spring and summer brochure. For more information call your travel agent 'new SOUTH AFRICAN TOUR 1501 Broadway N.Y., N.Y. 10036 (212) 921-7740 INSTANT (800) 847-0700 COLOR PASSPORTS ID. & VISA PHOTOS PROFESSIONAL PORTRAIT LIGHTING 1352-70301 LEO KNIGHT PHOTOGRAPHY 26511 W. 12 Mile Rd. Comer listiwesteri Hwy. January 1948, and in No- vember 1948 the JAFC was disbanded. Like the JAFC, a new anti-Zionist commit- tee would seek to influence Western opinion, but would aspire to something less than improving East-West relations; it would aim chiefly to cut ties between Soviet Jews and the world Jewish community and to counter Western assertions of Soviet human rights vio- lations. Another precedent was the Soviet anti-Zionist campaign of 1969-1971, a time when emigration levels were equivalent to those projected for 1983, about 1,000-1,300. The Soviet campaign was a re- sponse to two developments. First, news of the Israeli victory in 1967 created a wave of pro-Jewish and pro-Israel sentiment among Soviet Jews, prompting re- newed identification with the Jewish people and re- quests for emigration to Is- rael. Second, Jews outside the USSR began to press the case of Soviet Jews in inter- national fora. In November 1969, Israel Prime Minister Golda Meir appealed to the UN Subcommission on Human Rights to act on be- half of Georgian Jewish families who had petitioned to emigrate. This was the first group that reached public notice in the West. Similarly, the first Brussels Conference raised the issue of Soviet Jewry before the international community. To counteract pressure for emigration and alle- gations of human rights violations, the Soviets mounted a media cam- paign against "Zionism," that is, Jewish ethnic as- sertiveness. Jewish writers, teachers and workers, many prev- iously unidentified with the Jewish community, were asked to write arti- cles and to participate in radio and television broadcasts and news conferences in support of the program. The media portrayed Israel as a de- generate and unfeeling society, and pictured the Soviet Union as a haven for Jews and as the coun- try most solicitous of Jewish achievement. gion in the West, a group of government-appointed Jewish religious leaders is- sued a statement denounc- ing "Zionism's provocative acts." Soviet Ambassador to the UN Yakov Malik criticized "Zionist use" of the United Nations system, and Lt. Gen. Dragunsky, appearing on the "Today" show, claimed that Soviet Jews suffered no discrimi- nation. Gen. Dragunsky and Samuil Zivs, a member of the State and Law Institute in Moscow, repeated this as- sertion at the aforemen- tioned press conference in Brussels called on the eve of the first World Conference on Soviet Jewry, in Feb- ruary 1971. The Soviet campaign against Zionism, to be sure, complemented other Soviet efforts to vilify Israel. The Soviets have used anti- Zionism to advance their standing among Arab states; for instance, the USSR was the only de- veloped nation to sponsor the "Zionism is racism" resolution in 1975. The 1969-1971 drive, then, was inspired by foreign policy concerns as well as concern for Western public opinion and Soviet Jewish pressure to emigrate. The campaign ended with a decision to increase sub- stantially the levels of Jewish emigration to "let off steam" domestically, and to use Jews as a bargaining chip in trade negotiations. (Soviet Jewish emigration levels rose from 1,027 in 1970 to 13,022 in 1971.) * * * Campaign Signals More Repression Since the April 1 appeal, the anti-Zionist committee which has now become the official Soviet body respon- sible for enunciating policy on Soviet Jews, released a statement in Pravda on May 18 condemning the Israel-Lebanon peace agreement and on June 6 held a press conference at which the emigration ques- tion was said to be closed and at which Zionism was compared to Nazism. Because Soviet citizens, including Jews, are accus- tomed to dismissing stories carried in the Soviet media, it is improbable that the anti-Zionist committee will change Jews' minds about ethnic attachments and emigration. There is great concern, however, that statements by the commit- tee will legitimize anti- Jewish feelings in the popu- lation and intimidate Soviet Jews. This means that the challenge facing world Jewry and the West in this matter is much greater than before. The formulation of an anti-Zionist committee is particularly troubling for those Jews hoping to emi- grate. Emigration has dropped precipitously in the past few years. In 1979, an average of 4,160 Jews were allowed to leave each month; in each of the first four months of 1983 an av- erage of 105 Jews were permitted to emigrate. Fur- thermore, between 400,000 and 500,000 Soviet Jews have requested and re- ceived invitations from Is- rael, thus completing the first stage of the emigration process. Declarations by leaders of the anti-Zionist committee that those 'Jews who wished to leave have already left the USSR indi- cate that the hundreds of thousands of Jews who have begun the emigration proc- ess will not be permitted to emigrate. The new Soviet campaign against Zionism aims to convince the West that there is no "Jewish prob- lem" in the USSR. Asser- tions by the committee's leaders must be challenged consistently to deprive the campaign of success. If this Soviet effort fails, then per- haps Soviet leaders will alter their decision to bar emigration and moderate their harsh policy toward Jewish culture. Survey Says Most Yordim Are Sabra JERUSALEM (JTA) — A survey of yordim, Israelis who live permanently or semi-permanently abroad, has shown that 60 percent of Western public opinion them were born in Israel, also was targeted by the according to Prof. Aharon Soviet government in its Fein of the Hebrew Univer- propaganda venture. Rec- sity who based his study on ognizing the status of reli- interviews with 8,662 yor- dim who came to Israel for brief visits. Israel Tour The number of yordim Focuses on Arts who were immigrants to Is- The Israel Ministry of rael but left because they Tourism and ISRAM tours were unable to adjust suc- have planned a tour of Is- cessfully, is secondary, Fein rael this fall, concentrating reported. He said that 28 on the country's dance, percent of the yordim were music and art. in the 22-30 age bracket; 24 The tour, which leaves percent were between 31 from New York Oct. 17, will and 34; 26 percent between be led by Rhoda Gersten, di- 35 and 39; and 22 percent rector of the Creative Arts over 40. Therapy Institute of De- Fein found that 31 per- nver. cent of the yordim were For information on the single and 60 percent mar- tour, contact ISRAM travel, ried. 630 Third Ave., New York, According to the survey, N.Y. 10017. about 30 percent of those interviewed said they planned to return to Israel within two years; 31 percent were uncertain that they would return; and 38 per- cent said they would not re- turn within two years. Jew Elected Deputy Mayor of Johannesburg JOHANNESBURG (JTA) — Eddy Magid has been elected deputy mayor of Johannesburg. Magid served in Israel's first tank squadron, which he said consisted of only 20 men and two tanks, both now mounted as monu- ments in Tel Aviv. He re- turned to South Africa in 1950 and started a political career. When the area in which he lived was incorporated into Greater Johannesburg in 1969, he was elected to the city council.