.4* THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS Friday; September 3, 1982 15 Zionist Leader Dr. Nahum Goldmann Had Controversial Career (Continued from Page 1) death for a viral -infec- tion. His wife, son and secretary were with him at the time of his death. " In Paris, where Goldmann had a home, Le Monde, the country's lead- ing newspaper, announced Goldma-n-n's death in a three-column article on the front page. Most of the mes- sages described Goldmann as the world statesman who helped shape the destiny of the Jewish people, and as a man bluntly honest and firm in his convictions. Goldmann was a promi- nent member of virtually every international Zionist and Jewish organization since coming to promi- nence in 1927 when he was first elected a member of the Zionist Actions Committee and served as one of the members of the Political Commission which negotiated with the British government of Ramsey MacDonald after the publi- cation of the Passfield White Paper by Britain. He was co-founder of the World Jewish Congress in 1949 and its president until 1978 when he was suc- ceeded by Philip Klutznick. EXCALIBUR Hair Styling Salon GUY MINNELLA International Hair Styling Award Winner 353-4848 Call for your appt. 24901 Northwestern Suite 111 Heritage Bldg. S.W. Corner: of Evergreen - Right M YOUR Own Driveway! THE TUNE -UP MAN Certified by the National Automotive Institute of Excellence Comes to your home or oPice with the "garage-on-wheels. - Valet service that doesn't cost one penny extra ■ Expert diagnostic tune-up ■ Electronic analyzer - all engine systems • Professionally trained mechanics ■ Perfect results assured Expanded Services Call Sanford Rosenberg for your car problems 398-3605 master charge a 1 . J Goldmann was also president of the World Zionist Organization from 1956 to 1968; the Memorial Foundation for Jewish Cul- ture; the Conference on Jewish Material Claims 4 gainst Germany; and Beth tefutsoth in Tel Aviv — the Nahum Goldmann Museum of the Diaspora. - * * Many Fights with Israelis Goldmann was fre- quently at odds with Israel's leaders, both Labor and Likud. Some of his fiercest controversies were with Premier David Ben-Gurion over the relationship be- tween the Jewish state and the Diaspora and on the issue of who was a Zionist. Ben-Gurion insisted that only those who had made aliya could be considered Zionists; all others, at best, could be considered as "lov- ers of Zion" or "friends of Is- rael," but not Zionists. Goldmann contended that one need not make aliya to be a Zionist. In one famous debate with Ben-Gurion in the 1950s, Goldmann pointed out that not every Jews can adhere to the 613 mitzvot and that observing only 612 did not diminish a person's Jewishness. By the same token, he argued, many Jews could not make aliya, but this did not diminish their Zionism if they fought for its basic principles out- side Isfael. Goldmann, him- self, divided his time in re- cent years between France and Switzerland where he had homes. Goldmann was also in- volved in a sharp _con- troversy with Louis Pin- cus when the latter was chairman of the World Zionist Organization. In the early 1970s, when many Soviet Jews began to seek exit visas, Pincus maintained that all Jews should leave the Soviet Union because the very nature of th Soviet. re- gime restricted their freedom to live and func- tion as Jews. Goldmann contended that not all Jews want to leave, and that for those who opt to remain„the campaign of world Jewry should be to demand that the Soviet government allow those Jews to live as Jews. - Goldman was an unyield- ing opponent of the gov- ernment of Premier Menahem Begin. He re- cently accused Begin of fo- menting anti-Semitism with the Israeli invasion of Lebanon and described De- fense Minister Ariel Sharon as a wild man who ter- rorized the Cabinet as well as Beirut. Goldman ran into a storm of criticism when he, Klutznick and former French Premier Pierre Mendes-France issued a joint statement last month calling on Israel and the PLO to mutually recognize each other to achieve peace in the Middle East. He managed throughout the years after the state of Israel was founded to irri- tate almost every Israeli leader he dealt with. When Adolf Eichmann, the Nazi leader, was brought to trial in Jerusalem in 1961, Goldmann said the jury. should include judges from every country that the Nazis had occupied. The idea was not well received. He accused the gov- ernment of Levi Eshkol of failing to understand Arab psychology and charged it with major mistakes in conducting military reprisals and with incompetence in dealing with the Soviet Union whose govern- ment, Goldmann always felt, could be swayed by rational ,,arguments rather than pressure. He also often warned that Western governments would one day grow tired of having to deal with Israel's security problems and would abandon it in order to get on with other world eco- nomic and political prob- lems. He was also at odds with leaders of Jewish com- munities in the Diaspora for being more concerned as he put it with fund raising than with consciousness- raising. * * * Prime Force in Zionist Movement During World War II, Goldmann was a prime force within the Zionist movement in the United States, tirelessly arguing for America's help in the creation of a Jewish home- land. In fact, Goldmann had endorsed a controversial British government pro- __ posal in 1937 that recom- mended dividing Palestine into both Arab and Jewish states. Although many Jewish leaders bitterly op- posed such a partitioning of Biblical Palestine, Goldmann argued that a sovereign state in even a small part of Palestine was preferable to a situation in which immigration — a matter of life or death for thousands of refugees from Germany and potential ref- ugees from Eastern Europe — was increasingly subject to restrictions by Britain. A number of historians give credit to Goldmann for his intense lobbying of the Truman Administration for support of the so-called Par- tition Plan to establish an independent Jewish state in Palestine. 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