THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
BOGOTA (JTA) — Col-
ombia will buy a squadron
of either French Mirage-50
or Israeli Kfir fighter jets, it
was reported here by the
leading daily, El Siglo. The
sale of the 12 planes is con-
ditional upon the speed of
delivery.
According to the report,
Israel Aircraft Industries
has offered to deliver the
Kfirs within two months;
France has said it would
need nine months to satisfy
the terms of the contract.
The Colombian Air Force
is under pressure to
strengthen its defense
/--- capability in light of a
\
'long-simmering border dis-
--- pute with Venezuela, which
last year acquired 24
American-made F-16 inter-
ceptors. If Bogota purchases
the Kfir it will become the
third South American coun-
try, joining Ecuador and
Argentina, to incorporate
the Israeli jet into its air-
force.
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G 1.1.11
By ALLEN A. WARSEN
"Not only has the Ameri-
can scene helped to shape
the Jew, but he also, along
with all other ethnic groups
has helped to mold what can
be called American culture.
Their obvious contribution
to the American experience
is all the more remarkable
since Jews comprise
slightly less than three per-
cent of the population.
"It is the aim of the pre-
sent volume to survey this
two-fold relationship —
that of the impact of Jews
upon America and of con-
temporary America upon
Jews."
The above passage is from
"Jewish Life in Twentieth
Century America: Chal-
lenge and Accommodation,"
authored by Milton Plesur
and published by Nelson-
Hall.
The author commences
his narrative by record-
ing the number of Rus-
sian Jews who came to
the U.S. during the period
1880-1914. He notes, how-
ever, that the great mi-
gration had its beginning
about 1870 and not in the
1880s as is popularly as-
sumed.
The immigrants, the
author points out, contrary
to their _ expectations,
encountered in the "golden
land" great hardships and
economic and social dis-
crimination. They were ac-
cused of causing most of the
crimes in "Jewtown" as
New York was nicknamed.
Prominent gentiles like
author Henry James
"feared that New York
would become a new Jerus-
alem." References "to the
unique Jewish race" were
often heard, and pseudo so-
cial scientist Alfred Schultz
concocted an anti-Semitic
pasquil titled "Race or
Mongrel."
As a result of the de-
famatory verbiage and un-
substantiated accusations
against Jews, the American
Jewish Committee, the New
York Kehila (organized
Jewish community) and the
Anti-Defamation League of
Bnai Brith came into being.
Their common objective was
to protect the Jewish people
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VISA
Friday, August 13, 1982 19
History of 20th Century American Jews Recorded
Colombia May
Buy the Kfir
MASTERCARD
and fight anti-Semitism.
In spite of all the diffi-
culties, the Jews, as a re-
sult of hard work and in-
genuity, gradually rose
on the intellectual and
economic ladder.
Jews became prominent
in journalism, literature,
art, music and entertain-
ment. Joseph Pulitzer es-
tablished the prestigious
Pulitzer Prize. Al Jolson
"ushered in the era of sound
movies." Composers like
Irving Berlin and Jerome
Kern "established the popu-
lar musical theater."
Incisive is the author's
analysis of the Great De-
pression. Though it effected
millions of people, Jews suf-
fered most. Among the de-
pression victims there were
10,000 unemployed Jewish
girls in New York and over
8,000 in Chicago. To
dramatize their plight, the
well-known lawyer, Samuel
Liebowitz, threatened to or-
ganize a one-night-a-week
boycott of gas, electric and
telephone companies if they
did not halt their dis-
criminatory hiring prac-
tices.
The depression years
marked a sharp increase of
Jew-hating organizations.
There were more than 100.
The most vicious were
Father Charles Coughlin's German Jewish children,
Christian Front, William while allowing 4,000
Dudley Pelly's Silver Shirts British children to come to
and the Black Legion.
America.
Roosevelt's attitude
Yet, many Jews rose to
prominence in the 1930s. towards creating a
They included Herbert Jewish state in Palestine,
Lehman, New York's first it was learned after his
Jewish governor; Ben- death, was equivocal and
jamin N. Cardozo, second devious.
"Jewish Life in Twen-
Jewish U.S. Supreme
tieth
Century America"
Court Justice; and Henry
Morgenthau, first Jewish
U.S. Secretary of the
Treasury.
Be happy. It is a way of
being wise.
LARRY FREEDMAN
Orchestra and Entertainment
647-2367 .
There's Still Time For
As the U.S. got involved
in World War II, Jews be-
came active in every phase
of the war effort. Hundreds
of thousands either volun-
teered or were drafted into
the armed forces and fought
on all fronts.
Among the war heroes,
there were many Jews. One
of these was the Detroiter,
2nd Lt. Raymond Zussman,
recipient of the Congres-
sional Medal of Honor.
Significantly, ever since
Hitler came to power in
Germany and began perse-
cuting the Jews, the leaders
of the American Jewish
community were pleading
with Roosevelt to admit
German Jewish refugees
beyond the U.S. quota. But
their pleas fell on deaf ears.
He even refused to admit
Resolution Aids Soviet Jews
MEXICO CITy 8 An ac-
tion directly beneficial to
Soviet Jewry and Jews in
Arab lands emerged from
the meeting of UNESCO
last week with submission
of a resolution giving firm
support to "freedom of reli-
gion" and respect for "cul-
tural identity."
The resolution, submitted
by the United States, had its
basis in a draft formulated
by the delegate of the World
Jewish Congress. Dr. Leon
Kronitz, and supported by
numerous other delega-
tions, including several
Muslim states.
According to the text, the
resolution declares that re-
strictions on the free exer-
cise of religious activity are
"against the interest of the
individual, the member
states, and the interna-
tional community." Adop-
tion of the resolution came
at the end of the World Con-
ference on Cultural Policies
which had been in session
for two weeks.
Dr. Kronitz explained
that the aim of his draft
was to reinforce existing
measures in support of
minority cultural rights
which would include
those of Jews in the
USSR and other coun-
tries. Among those co-
sponsoring the resolu-
tion were Nigeria, Sudan,
Britain, Egypt and Au-
stralia.
The resolution recognizes
"the right of the individual
to assert cultural identity
through teaching and learn-
ing his or her language, his-
tory and cultural heritage."
It adds, "Cultural identity is
demonstrates that Jews
have enriched America's
culture and have become
integrated into its cultural
life.
a basic human right which
merits the protection of the
international community."
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