THE- JEWISH NEWS li.JSPS 275-520) Incorporating The Detroit Jewish Chronicle commencing with the issue of July 20, 1951 Copyright © The Jewish News Publishing Co. Member of American Association of English-Jewish Newspapers, National Editorial Association and National Newspaper Association and its Capital Club. Published every Friday by The Jewish News Publishing Co., 17515 W. Nine Mile, Suite 865, Southfield, Mich. 48075 Postmaster: Send address changes to The Jewish News, 17515 W. Nine Mile, Suite 865, Southfield, Mich. 48075 Second-Class Postage Paid at Southfield, Michigan and Additional Mailing Offices. Subscription $15 a year. PHILIP SLOMOVITZ Editor and Publisher ALAN HITSKY News Editor CARMI M. SLOMOVITZ Business Manager HEIDI PRESS Associate News Editor DREW LIEBERWITZ Advertising Manager Sabbath Scriptural Selections This Sabbath, the 12th day of Tammuz, 5742, the following scriptural selections will be read in our synagogues: Pentateuchal portion, Numbers 19:1-25:9. Prophetical portion, Micah 5:6-6:8. Thursday, Fast of the 17th of Tammuz Pentateuchal portion, Exodus 32:11-14, 34:1-10. Prophetical portion (afternoon only), Isaiah 55:6-56:8. Candlighting, Friday, July 2, 8:53 p.m. VOL. LXXXI, No. 18 Page Four Friday, July 2, 1982 THE HOMEWARD TREK One hope dominates the minds of Jews everywhere: that the homeward trek for the Israeli military who are now in Lebanon will commence very soon. Would that it could be emphasized with a hope for their return home immediately! That's the tragedy of the event: that there is an enemy to be dealt with, that in driving him away from the home called Israel takes lives — and time! That's the tragedy in the wake of which there are insurmountable difficulties. Some differ with the view regarding the in- evitability of the operation that was under- taken. Yet there is unanimity that Lebanon must be rescued and• that its attainment is possible only with the ousting from that sadly- afflicted nation of the Syrians and PLO. Resto- ration of a democratic Lebanese sovereignty and the speedy return of Israelis to their own country are the compulsive factors in a tragedy that is felt deeply, and is especially deplored in Jewish ranks. Death as a war casualty is the agonized and depressing reaction of all. There will hopefully be a speedy end to the miseries. Meanwhile, there is the confusion over Pales- tinians who are erroneously translated as a link with the PLO. If it is not heard often enough it should be repeated that Israel does not reject Palestinians, and if that nation did, such an approach would be rejected in Jewish ranks. There is a differentiation between Palestinians and PLO. The latter are the enemy; the former are those negotiated with for autonomy and for neighborliness with Israel. The tragedy in the current situation is that peace maneuvers are slow moving, that they are difficult to approach, that the U.S. emissary's task was so difficult, some having believed it to be impossible. Ten days ago, in its issue dated June 23, the New Republic stated editorially, warningly: "The fact that influential Presidential aides like James Baker can characterize last year's Habib mission as a success is a measure of how muddled American thinking on Lebanon has become. Mr. Habib's mission was a failure from beginning to end. He was sent to the Middle East to remove Syrian missiles from Lebanon, and the ceasefire he negotiated did not remove them; it protected them. "During the ceasefire the PLO rearmed mas- sively with heavy weapons; and in the end, of course, the ceasefire, having solved nothing, broke down completely. American diplomacy will not stand many such successes. On the other hand, if the U.S. is resolute in demanding that all foreign forces be withdrawn from Leba- non, it has the opportunity to turn this latest sad chapter in Lebanon's history into the begin- ning of its national reconstruction." The United States remains the most impor- tant element in the current critical situation. Out of this country's ranks must emerge leaders strong enough to induce proper peace negotia- tions and an end to Israel's precarious existence under constant threats of annihilation. RESCUING THE SCHOOLS.. If depressing economic conditions are catch- ing up with this seriously-affected community, then the challenge to leadership is more than money. It is planning and coordination of ef- forts. It is adherence to realities which also will demand living up to a tradition, to an estab- lished tradition for unparalleled generosity. This editorial should more properly be entitled "Saving Education." It is not the school system and its teaching staff that is in trouble. It is the reality of existing systems which need unifying. Some years back, it was this newspaper's editorial opinion that one day school should suf- fice for Metropolitan Detroit. The major hope for an emerging knowledgeable generation of Jews is from the day schools where there is provision for the highest standards both in the secular as well as cultural-spiritual Jewish studies. Therefore, such a school system must be pro- tected. It must have an assurance for con- tinuity. • This can only be attained from unified efforts, from dedicated teaching staffs who will be encouraged to make Jewish education their careers with assurance of communal protection undependent upon unionization. Teachers need to and will be organized. Their sense of security must come from a knowledge that the parents whose children they teach will not abandon them into economic insecurity. Meanwhile, the major concern must be unifi- cation of educational efforts which will dictate strength in the day school system's existence. The issues already having arisen over the fate of two of the day schools in Detroit, the entire school system must be studied anew. The after- noon schools' enrollment has declined over the past two decades to a quarter of the original, yet it must remain the acknowledged communal school system. But under existing handicaps the community must consider whether the entire educational complex should be unified. Arising problems demand consideration of the entire status of Jewish education in Met- ropolitan Detroit areas. If there are vested interests they should be abandoned, just as the divisiveness in the civic-protective ranks must be eliminated. Under economic pressures the demands grow for unification and abandonment of conflicting ideologies. The Jewish Welfare Federation, always pivotal in such planning, has the obligation of studying the issue, resolv- ing the obstacles, unifying forces, thus assuring the continuity of progressive schooling under hindrances. Hebrew, Yiddish, Ladino: Dictionary of Dialects Hebrew is, of course, the predominant of languages for world Jewry. It is the language of prayer and now the official tongue of a sovereign state. There were many Jewish dialects. Aramaic became the language of the masses in Judea in the first century before this era. Ladino developed as the tongue of Spanish Jewry. It was a Spanish dialect. Yiddish was the dominant language, commencing in the Ninth Century in the Rhine Valley. The subject of Jewish dialects has been a source of fascination and this emerges anew as a subject of unique interest with the appearance of a most interesting book, "The Jewish Word Book" by Rabbi Sidney J. Jacobs (Jonathan David Publishers). The thousands of words listed in this book, their definitiveness, the extent of the collected effort, all receive added weight in the explanatory introductory essay in whcih the author relates the Hebrew-Aramaic-Ladino history: "Hebrew, the Semitic language of the Bible and post-biblical Mishna and Midrash, has remained the classic language of Jews throughout the centuries. It was the medium of discourse of the Jewish people until about 100 BCE, when it was supplanted as the language of daily use by Aramaic, which was originally brought to the Holy Land by the returnees from the Babylonian Exile. "Revived as a popular tongue with Jewish settlement in Pales- tine beginning in the last decade of the 19th Century, Hebrew is the lingua franca of the state of Israel with its polyglot population. "Yiddish had its origins in the Ninth Century in the Rhine _ Valley, where it was known as Ivri/Teutsch, then Juden/Teutsch, and still later Judisch. From the 13th through the 17th Centuries, it was extended into the kingdom of Poland-Lithuania, where it became the language of the Jewish masses. "Written in Hebrew characters, Yiddish is an amalgam of He- brew, High German, and Slavic, plus an infusion of words adapted from the vocabulary of each country where it was commonly employed — for example, Polish, Lithuanian, and (from the 1880s) English. "Ladino, also variously called Judezmo, Spaniolish, Haketia, and Jidyo, is the Judeo-Spanish language spoken by Jewry of the Iberian Peninsula and the Middle East. (Some scholars distinguish.between Ladino as a 'translation language' and Judezmo, the spoken lan- guage.) "Ladino became especially popular following the expulsion of Jews from Spain in 1492. It rests upon a Spanish linguistic base with the addition of Hebrew, Arabic, Greek, Turkish, French, Italian, and Portuguese words, and with Turkish as the most influential." For a full appreciation of the value of this interesting book, some examples are necessary. Here are a few samples: zach A thing. zaddik see tsadihk zaft Juice. zaf-tihk Also zaf-tihg. Also spelled zaftik, zaftig, zoftik, zoftig, saftig. 1. Literally, "juicy, succulent." 2. Shapely, full-bodied, referring to the female figure. Dialects gain vitality in this informative book. It also has entertaining values. Some of the word translations will create chuck- les. "The Jewish Word Book" is a Jewish vitality text.