THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Washington Meeting on Soviet Jewry Plight

WASHINGTON (JTA)
The presidium of the World
Conference on Soviet
Jewry, comprising 65
Jewish leaders from 14
countries, held a three-day
meeting in Washington this
week, overshadowed by the
concern that the Soviet gov-
ernment is cutting off emig-
ration by Jews from the
Soviet Union.
The meeting, the first of
the presidium's semi-
annual sessions to be held in
Washington, ended Thurs-
day afternoon with a meet-
ing with Vice President
George Bush.
There is a fear that the
viet Jews will once again
_ ome the "silent Jewry,"
Leon Dulzin, chairman of
the World Conference, said.
Jewish emigration,
which rose to more than
51,000 in 1979, trickled
down to only 9,447 last
year. Dulzin noted that at
the same time there has
been a sharp increase in
the number of

"hardcore" refuseniks,
Jews who have been de-
nied exit visas more than
once and who have thus
suffered the loss of jobs
and have been subject to
harassment of various
kinds.
In January 1980, there
were 2,984 refuseniks, Dul-
zin said. The number rose to
4,741 by January 1981 and
5,798 by last September. At
the same time, he pointed
out, the Soviet government
is not allowing the neces-
sary affidavits from Israel
to reach Soviet Jews who
want to apply for exit visas.
Dulzin, who is also
chairman of the World
Zionist Organization and
the Jewish Agency Execu-
tives, said that the meeting
this week was aimed at ar-
ousing public opinion again
for the cause of Soviet
Jewry. It is also to demon-
strate to Soviet Jewry that
"we are not neglecting them
and will continue the strug-
gle," he said.

One decision that was ex-
pected to come out of the
meetings is to hold a third
Brussels conference on
Soviet Jewry either this
year or early next year,
Dulzin said. At the first con-
ference in 1971, world pub-
lic opinion on Soviet Jewry
was coordinated. The sec-
ond, in 1976, was held after
the Soviet government
placed an "education tax"
on emigrants. It was re-
pealed later.
Dulzin said that since
the first Brussels confer-
ence, some 260,000 Jews
have emigrated from the
USSR, 185,000 of them
settling in Israel. But, he
said, since 1979, the peak
year for emigration,
there has been a problem
of noshrim ("dropouts").
Last year, 85 percent of
the Jews who left the
Soviet Union went to
some other country than
Israel, Dulzin said.
He blamed the dropout

Parley Assesses Anti-Semitism

HOUSTON (JTA) — A ceptions of anti-Semitism
striking consensus that, de- are quite another matter,
spite a number of serious Himmelfarb said, as he
but relatively isolated inci- cited a 1981 "National Sur-
dents, anti-Semtism in vey of American Jews," also
America continues its commissioned by the AJ-
long-term declining trend, Committee, and conducted
emerged from a panel dis- by Prof. Steven Cullen of
cussion of experts in the the City University of New
field at the recently- York.
The study indicated that
concluded plenum of the
National Jewish Commu- individual Jewish Ameri-
nity Relations Advisory cans perceive anti-
Council (NJCRAC), in Semitism to be a major cur-
rent threat, and that a
Houston.
But the panelists, assem- majority assume a much
bled to consider whether higher level of anti-Jewish
anti-Semitism in America attitudes than statistical
is growing or declining, also studies indicate. Himmel-
expressed serious concern farb noted a great disparity
about the prominent use of between the gloomy view,
the spectre of anti-Semitism and a much more positive
by national political figures perception shared by most
during the recent AWACS leaders in organized Jewish
life.
campaign.
Justin Finger, civil
While citing the long-
term decline in anti- rights director of the
Semitism, the panelists also Anti-Defamation League
agreed that individuals of Bnai Brith, focused on
within the Jewish commu- recent audits of anti-
nity tend to perceive a ris- Semitic attacks, involv-
ing danger and level of ing vandalism or vio-
anti-Semitism, despite con- lence, conducted by the
trary statistical studies; Anti-Defamation League.
Those studies show a con-
and that continuing vigi-
lance is needed since_ the tinuing three-year rise in
seeds of social discord are - the number of such inci-
fertilized by current domes- dents, with 974 recorded in
1981, up from 377 in 1980,
tic trends.
Dr. Milton Himmelfarb, and 120 in 1979.
But Finger also noted
director of information
and research services of that overwhelmingly the
the American Jewish perpetrators tended to be
Committee, cited recent teenagers; only minimal or-
surveys commissioned ganized hate group connec-
by the AJCommittee, tion was indicated; and that
conducted by the Daniel the vast majority of inci-
Yankelovich and Gallup dents involved swastika
organizations, that indi- graffiti rather than arson or
cated a low level of anti- other physical violence.
Finger asserted that al-
Jewish attitudes among
though continuing concern
– mericans.
,wince one study was done and monitoring is essential,
before, and the other after he noted that 974 episodes
the AWACS campaign, the are an annual total for a
two together indicate "no country of 220 million
discernable effect on public people.
attitudes" about Jews as a
Phil Baum, associate
result of the controversy or
director
of the American
"Jewish-lobby" smears
made during that cam- Jewish Congress,
stressed that while in the
paign.
past, anti-Semitism in
But American Jews' per- America took the form of

denial of the right of ac-
cess to facilities and op-
portunities in U.S.
society, this was now
rarely in evidence.
But he saw the recent
AWACS-campaign use of
"Jewish-lobby" code words
as truly disturbing, indicat-
ing anti-Semitism on very
high political levels.
Attitudes of the panel
were closely paralleled in
an overview of "Basic
Trends and Priorities in
Jewish Community Rela-
tions" presented by
NJCRAC executive vice
chairman Albert Chernin,
at the plenum's opening,
and later adopted by the
entire group.
Chernin noted that
"While we find most Ameri-
can Jews believe that the
threat to security is real and
growing, standard meas-
urements of anti-Semitism
do not indicate a dramatic
upsurge in anti-Semitism,
even though there are in-
creasing reports of anti-
Semitic vandalism and
graffiti.
"The exception that
may justify Jewish un-
ease," Chernin's over-
view stated, is "the per-
ceived use of anti-
Semitism by significant
influentials, in and out of
government, to achieve
the sale of arms to Saudi
Arabia."
But he noted that while
these tactics "did not stir
anti-Semitism and old-
fashioned xenophobia in
letters to Congressmen,"
they "failed to intimidate
the Jewish __community,"
and failed to strike a re-
sponsive chord in Congress
or among other AWACS op-
ponents.

TEL AVIV (JTA) — No
casualties and only slight
damage was caused when
an explosive charge went off
on the roof of a bus in Petah
Tikva last week.

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problem in part for the Kampelman, the U.S. Am-
Soviet clampdown on emig- bassador to the Madrid Con-
ration since, he said, the ference reviewin the 1975
USSR did not want the Jews Helsinki Agreements.
to go to the U.S.
The messages, one
Two Congressmen who from activists Andrei
have just returned from a Sakharov and Prof.
week's visit to the Soviet Naum Meiman and the
Union said that Jews and other from Irina Orlov,
others who want to emi- the wife of Yuri Orlov, the -
grate from the Soviet Union founder the leader of the
believe they are being held Moscow group monitor-
"hostage" for future deals ing the Helsinki accords,
with the U.S.
both outlined the plight
Reps. Elliott Levitas (D- of Orlov who is in a labor
Ga.) and Bud Shuster camp prison.
(R-Pa.) reported on their
Kampelman noted that
trip at a press conference Jan. 22 was the second an-
last Friday at the Capitol in niversary of Sakharov's
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sages from Soviet human Gorky, some 250 miles from
rights activists to Max Moscow.
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