Friday, January 22, 1982 21
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
Boris Smolar's
etween You
. . . and Me'
Editor-in-Chief
Emeritus, JTA
(Copyright 1982, JTA, Inc.)
ORT-JDC PARTNERSHIP: The annual three-day
national conference of the American ORT Federation,
which opens today in New York, attended by about 700
d.legates from all parts of the country, will mark 35 years
ose cooperation between ORT and the Joint Distribu-
, ti„. Committee — the two gigantic organizations which
became deeply rooted in Jewish contemporary history by
assisting Jewish communities in about 30 countries to meet
their needs. •
ORT has been in existence 100 years; it now starts its
second century of existence. The JDC was formed 68 years
ago, when World War I broke out and millions of Jews in
the war countries were uprooted and in great need of relief.
ORT is a product of the Jewish community in Czarist Rus-
sia where the Jews lived under persecution and in misera-
ble economic conditions. JDC is a product of American
Jewry. Both organizations are products of strong
humanitarian feeling which is traditional with Jews.
The founders of the organizations in each of the two
countries were outstanding philanthropists. They were not
close to the masses, but they felt it their primary obligation
to come to the aid of the masses of Jews in need.
THE "ORT" SAGA: During the first decades of its
existence, ORT did not turn to American Jewry for assis-
tance. It raised its funds among Jews in Russia — mostly
among middle-class elements — through appeals similar to
the United Jewish Appeal now in the United States. The
first letter of appeal sent out by the ORT founders to 10,000
Jews in 400 communities throughout Russia brought an
exceptional response. A quarter-of-a-million rubles — a
huge sum of money at that time — was raised during the
first year of ORT's existence.
World War I, and the Community revolution that fol-
lowed, completely ruined the wealthier and middle class
Jews in Russia. The ORT leaders had to leave the Soviet
Union. The Kremlin had recognized the importance of ORT
in retraining helpless Jews to productive vocations and
permitted the ORT to function, but under Communist lead-
ership.
•
A World ORT Union was then formed in Berlin with
the participation of Jewish leaders from various countries.
ORT thus ceased to be an organization of Russian Jews and
became a world organization. It started to raise funds in
Jewish communities throughout the free world.
In the United States, the ORT schools were almost
unknown in those years, because ORT never conducted
fund raising in America. It needed no assistance from
American Jewry until the Communists came to power. In
1922, after the formation of the World ORT Union in Be-
rlin, an ORT delegation came to New York for the first time
to seek aid from Jews in this country. The delegation of Dr.
Leon Bramson and Dr. Arom Syngalowski, was coldly re-
ceived by the wealthy elements in American Jewry. How-
ever, the delegation was helped by the Workmen's Circle,
by landsrnanshaften and by the Jewish labor unions. Al-
most all members of these groups were emigrants from
Eastern Europe and knew of the ORT vocational activities
in the towns from which they emigrated. They therefore
helped the delegation to establish American ORT.
THE JDC-ORT AGREEMENT: The fundamental
cooperation between JDC and ORT started 35 years ago, in
1947, after World War II, when the World ORT Union
developed an intensive program of vocational training for
Jews who survived the Nazi camps and became "displaced
persons" in need of adjustment to a new and free life. An
agreement concluded in that year between JDC and ORT
provided $2 million a year for the ORT budget.
This allocation grew from year to year as the ties be-
tween the two organizations became closer. During the 35
years of cemented friendship the ORT received from JDC a
total of $83 million. The JDC contribution to ORT reached
' • million last year. The World ORT Union also received
2 million last year from Women's American ORT, and
more than $1 million from the ORT men's groups and from
labor unions.
Evron Asks End to Friction'
Between U.S. and Israel
.
_
NEW YORK (JTA) —
Ephraim Evron, Israel's
Ambassador to the United
States, has called for the be-
ginning of a "dialogue" be-
tween the U.S. and Israeli
governments to bring an
end "to the friction between
the two countries."
Evron made his remarks
at a farewell luncheon last
week, given in his honor by
the Conference of
Presidents of Major Ameri-
can Jewish Organizations
at the Hyatt Hotel here.
Evron returns to Israel this
month after nearly five
years of duty in Washing-
ton. He will be replaced by
Moshe Arens, a leader of
Likud.
Evron said that the
friendship between Israel
and the U.S. is "one of the
most vital elements of Is-
rael's security and future"
and therefore it "behooves
both countries to do every-
thing to maintain this
friendship." He said the
U.S. should be loyal to its
commitments and agree-
ments with Israel, an ob-
lique reference to the U.S.
suspension of the strategic,
cooperation agreement
signed recently by the two
countries.
Evron said, however, that
he is certain that the U.S.
"will never turn its back on
Israel," noting that Israel is
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PARIS (JTA) — France formed Iraq that the new
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