THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Friday, February 13, 1981

10

PASSPORT
Pioneering Rebecca Gratz in Hall of Fame
PHOTOS

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(Continued from Page 1)
founded by Rebecca
Gratz.
Bernard Gratz (1738-
1801) was born in Poland;
he traveled to London and
finally emigrated to
America in 1754. He and his
younger brother Michael
(1740-1811) formed a long-

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lived partnership as ship-
pers and traders operating
on the East Coast and in-
land. Along with other mer-
chants, Bernard Gratz
signed Non-Importation
Agreements to boycott
British goods during the
Stamp Act and Townshend
Act crises prior to the Revo-
lution. The Gratz family
wholeheartedly supported
the American patriots, and
supplied much needed goods
to the Continental Army.
Always deeply involved
with Jewish communal ac-
tivities, the brothers helped
found one of the first
synagogues in America,
which in 1773 evolved into
Philadelphia's Cong. Mik-
veh Israel. After the war,
the Gratzes became in-
volved in a successful
struggle for equal rights in
Pennsylvania.
Michael's son, Hyman,
founded Gratz College and
participated in the affairs of
the Pennsylvania Academy
of Fine Arts and the

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Pennsylvania Botanical
Gardens. Another son,
Joseph, became a director of
the Philadelphia Institu-
tion for the Instruction of
the Deaf. But it was
Michael's daughter, Re-
becca, who is undoubtedly
the jewel of the Gratz
dynasty.
The Rebecca Gratz
medal, issued by the
Jewish-American Hall of
Fame, honors the Bicen-
tennial anniversary of
her birth (1781-1981). Re-
becca's youthful charm
and beauty were
preserved by artist
Thomas Sully, who was
introduced to her by the
famous American author
Washington Irving. The
medallic portrait, ren-
dered by sculptress Geta
Ries Wiener, is based on
the Sully work of art.
Washington Irving was
also responsible for giving
Rebecca Gratz's sterling
character literary immor-
tality. It was in the autumn
of 1817, when Irving visited
his friend Sir Walter Scott,
that he spoke with real
enthusiasm of Rebecca's
charm, beauty, goodness
and sweetness. He told of
her many philanthropies, of
her loyalty to friends, of the
universal admiration which
she aroused in all who knew
her.
Scott was interested. He
immediately determined to
introduce a Jewish female
character into the work that
was then in progress
("Ivanhoe") . . . and on the
strength of Irving's vivid
description, Scott named his ,
heroine Rebecca. When he
finished the novel in. J819,
Scott sent a copy to riving
along with a note, "How do
you like your Rebecca? Does
the Rebecca I have pictured
compare well with the pat-
tern given?"
While she never married,
Rebecca made a home for
her unmarried brothers and
reared the nine orphaned
children of her sister Rachel
Moses. In her 21st year she
became the secretary for the
Female Association for the
Relief of Women and Chil-
dren in Reduced Circum-
stances, and in 1815 Re-
becca was the founder of the
Philadelphia Orphan
Society.
Perhaps her most sig-
nificant accomplishment,
however, was the found-
ing of the Hebrew Sun-
day School Society, the
first of its kind. This edu-
cational movement sur-
vives to this day, and
forms the basis for all
Jewish religious educa-
tion in America.
When she died in 1869 at
the age of 88, Rebecca Gratz
was mourned as one of the
foremost women in

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PASSPORT PHOTOS

America. Her last words
were "I commit my spirit to
the God who gave it, believ-
ing with a firm faith in the
religion of my fathers. Hear
0 Israel, the Lord our God is
one."
Persons interested in or-
dering the Rebecca Gratz
medal can write the Magnes
Museum, 2911 Russell St.,
Berkeley, Calif. 94705.

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