`The Economist Analyzes Jew's
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From the American
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NEW YORK — Though
American Jews constitute
less than three percent of
the population, they make
up more than four percent of
all voters. They also live in
many of the most populous
states, whose large num-
bers of winner-take-all elec-
toral votes are of vital im-
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portance to any President-
ial candidate, and in most
elections, 80 percent of reg-
istered Jewish voters turn
out at the polling booths.
"A campaign rule of
thumb," explains The
Economist in its Sept. 13 is-
sue, "is to multiply the
Jewish voting-age popula-
tion by three to get their
true weight in a primary
election and by two for a
general election."
In a tight race, it is possi-
ble that Jewish voters could
swing the electoral balance.
They total almost 25 per-
cent of all voters in New
York, whose 41 electoral
votes are considered crucial
to any candidate; six per-
cent in California, 10 per-
cent in Florida, five percent
in Illinois, seven percent in
Pennsylvania, and 12 per-
cent in New Jersey — five
other states that together
account for 132 electoral
votes.
Unlike other religious
and ethnic groups, whose
wealthier and better edu-
cated members tend to be
conservative and vote Re-
publican, the majority of
Jewish voters, regardless of
their socio-economic level,
generally support Demo-
cratic candidates and lib-
eral programs. Over 50 per-
cent of Jewish voters are
registered abs Democrats,
fewer than 10 percent as
Republicans.
In 1972, when Richard
Nixon was re-elected in
an unprecedented land-
slide, he received under
40 percent of the Jewish
vote; four years later,
Jimmy Carter garnered
about 70 percent.
A recent study concludes
that Jews are more united
that other demographic
groups behind civil rights
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and civil liberties, equal
interviewed called them-
opportunity, aid to the poor selves liberal, in contrast to
and aged, support for public
27 percent of the Catholics
education and health pro-
and 22 percent of the Pro-
grams, and opposition to
testants.
violence. They also close
A 1980 CBS-New York
ranks when they believe Is- Times poll shows a decided
rael's
security is falling-off in Jewish liberal
threatened.
self-identification; never-
A review of Gallup Poll theless, 38 percent of the
interviews from 1970 to _Jews queried in this poll
1973 indicates that when labeled themsetves liberal,
respondents were asked to as against 23 percent of the
identify their political Catholics and 17 percent of
stance, 51 percent of Jews the Protestants.
Jewish Vote for Democratic
Presidential Candidates 1960-1976
Year
Candidate
Jews All Voters
Percent
1960
Kennedy
80+
50
1964
Johnson
90
61
1968
Humphrey
80+
43
1972
McGovern
65
38
1976
Carter
70-75
51
In the 1980 campaign, the Jewish voters in New York
Jewish vote appears less failed to vote for President,
predictable than ever. and many are talking, at
There has been wide specu- least, of a similar absention
lation that disappointment in November.
with the Carter Adminis-
As the American political
tration's Israel stance as
ground
has shifted to the
well as its position on var-
ious domestic issues has right, Jews have shifted
turned many Jewish voters with it; but compared with
away from support for the others, they are still on the
liberal side. This does not
President.
mean they are of one mind
But they are largely un-
enthusiastic about Reagan on all major issues; there
are sharp divisions within
as well; thus, it remains un-
the
Jewish community on
certain how many will carry
their disaffection with the ERA, Federal support for
Democratic ticket as far as private and parochial
the voting booth. Nor is schools, public funding for
abortions for poor women,
there any clear indication
civil liberties for ex-
whether Jewish voters un-
willing to vote for Carter tremists, and other issues.
will cast their votes for Re-
In March, April, and May
publican Ronald Reagan or 1980, a series of Gallup polls
third-party candidate John probed registered voters'
Anderson — or simply de- Presidential 'preference.
cide to sit this election out The following composite
altogether.
percentages, according to
In the 1972 election, The religious identification,
Economist reports, many emerged:
Anderson Carter Reagan
Percent
27
19
53
Jews
39
27
"No religious belief"
34
42
33
25
Catholics
34
44
Northern white Protestants
22
45
44
Southern white Protestants - 10
In the New York of four to one. At the na-
Presidential primary on tional party conventions in
March 25, which took place July and August, five per-
shortly after the U.S. repre- cent of the Republican dele-
sentative to the United Na- gates and 10 percent of the
tions voted for a UN resolu- Democratic were Jewish.
tion criticizing Israel,
In August 1980, a Louis
Jewish voters supported Harris Poll elicited the fol-
Edward Kennedy over lowing answers to the two
President Carter by a ratio questions cited below:
If you were voting today, whom would you
vote for?
Percent
Total
Jews
Reagan
42
28
Carter
36
30
Anderson
17
36
Undecided
10
5
If you thought Anderson had a real chance of
winning, whom would you vote for?
Fitment
Total
Jews
20
Reagan
37
22
Carter
29
55
Anderson
31
3
Undecided
3
All of these figures are
Great minds had rather
subject to sizeable shifts as
the Presidential campaign deserve contemporaneous
unfolds. So far, neither the applause without obtaining
Presidential candidates nor it, than obtain without de-
the political pundits can serving it. —If it follow
draw any clean indication of them it is well, but they will
which lever American Jews not deviate to follow it.
—Colton
will pull on Nov. 4.
--4111
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