10

Friday, October 3, 1980

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THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Caesarea Dig: Uncovering Herod's Ancient Port City

(Continued from Page 1)
sauce called garum, flax,
woven cloth, purple dye,
and oil.
Oil was used for cooking,
for anointing, for medicines
and perfumes, and for fil-
ling the thousands of tiny
lamps that lit the ancient
city at night.
In my application I indi-
cated a special interest in
pottery lamps, their man-
ufacture, and their use as
dating evidence. The dis-
tinctive styles of lamps from

various periods and lands,
Hellenistic, Herodian, Ro-
man, Byzantine, Islamic,
Egyptian, have been
catalogued and now act as a
confirming date, along with
coins and other artifacts.
My square in G Field,
north of the Crusader For-
tress, contained a locus (a
layer) full of Roman lamps,
precisely what I had come to
study. But lamps are only a
small part of the many trea-
sures that resulted from the
five-week session. We un-

PTICAL SALE

THROUGH OCTOBER, 1980

covered ancient pottery,
glass and metal artifacts,
ancient coins, jewelry, and
mosaics, all of which were
carefully recorded and
studied.
The entire expedition,
consisting of volunteers, di-
rectors, photographers, ar-
chitects, specialists in
mosaics, coins and under-
water archeology, was
housed at a beach hotel
called the Kayit v'Shayit
(Vacation and Sailing), a
collection of pleasant cot-
tages at the sea. We were
assigned three to a room
with a shower in these dup-
lex cottages Which had been
built by the nearby Kibutz
Sdot Yam.
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Southfield

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At one end of the corn-
pound was a cafeteria with
indoor and outdoor tables,
and at the other a cottage
converted into the "Tech
Shed." The Tech Shed,
under the capable direction
of the wife of the director,
Vivian Bull, served as a
storehouse for all the re-
cords, for delicate equip-
ment, and as a repository for
precious artifacts. All of
these'areas lie on top of the
ancient city of Caesarea,
and the hotel grounds are
casually decorated with
capitals and architectural
fragments dug up during
the building of the cottages.
We all arrived with
suitcases loaded with the
advised equipment:
sturdy shoes, sun hat, sun
glasses, sun lotion, a
Marshalltown trowel,
heavy gardening gloves,
metric tapes, line level,
plumb bob, canteen, and
Lomotil.
Of the eight volunteers
assigned to each 10-meter
square, half were seasoned
veterans, who taught the
novices how to read the
metric tape along the lines,
how to handle the patiche
(the delicate pick-ax), how
to lift a 30-pound "gufa" (an
open basket with handles,
made of old rubber tires),
how to hoe, how to dump a
wheelbarrow without going
over with it and how to use
a dental pick and paint
brush when delicate
mosaics or a burial required
special techniques.
The veterans and super-
visors taught us how to
"read" the baulk, the

We are very much what
others think of us. The re-
ception our observations
meet with gives us courage
to proceed, or damps our ef-
forts.
--Hazlitt

The remains of the Crusader quay in the harbor at
Caesarea.
preserved the wall of the began at 3:45 a.m. when it
original square (actually was still dark out. After a
8x8 meters, since we quick continental breakfast
preserved the baulk one we were bused out to the
meter on each side), inter- fields of excavation, two
preting from the cross- miles north of the Kayit, ar-
section the stratigraphy of riving at the loveliest time
various levels of habitation of the day when the sun was
evident in the change of soil up and fresh breezes were
from brown-gray to red, to blowing in from the sea.
sandy yellow or gray-black
There were two fields
where destruction by lire being dug in the 1980 sea-
was evident.
son: Field C was im-.
They taught us how to use mediately to the south of the
the sifter, picking out from Crusader Fortress and visi-
the spread gravel fragments ble to all the tourists who
of pottery (potshards), constantly tried to cross
Roman or Byzantine glass, the barbed wire barrier to
mosaic tesserae, lamps, get a better look at what
metal nails, and bright- was going on, and Field G
green corroded coins.
was about a quarter-of-a-
All of the dirt from cru- mile north of the Fortress in
cial layers is sifted, and the direction of the
sifting became my area of aqueducts.
expertise. I shook, rat-
(Continued on Page 72)
tled, and rolled hundreds
of gufa? of gravel, and I
shared' in the excitement
of finding the pieces that
add up to history — the
PHOTOS
rim of a Roman terra
In Living Color
sigillata bowl, the fine
WHILE YOU WAIT
Roman ware with a
READY IN MINUTES
smooth red surface, -a
No Appointment Needed All
piece of irridescent
Types of identification photos.
Byzantine glass, the
Black and White 'or Color
blunt spout from an
BLOW UPS
Herodian lamp, the
UP TO APPROX. 18"x24"
handle from a Byzantine
Black & White-or color
amphora with rough
• Photo ID Cards
combing on the sides,
• All Types of Photo
painted plaster from a
Reproduction Work
walled room with colors
• Laminating
• Instant Color Portraits
reminiscent of Pompeian
At Thes•
wall colors, and the coins
S S Kr•spe Stops Only
Northland
struck under the various
Oakland
Center
Mall
emperors.
569-1502
585-6200
The routine at the dig
VE 7-2431

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