Friday, September 5, 1980
THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
Boris Smolar's
`Between You
. . . and Me'
Editor-in-Chief
Emeritus, JTA,
(Copyright 1980, JTA, Inc.)
AN EXCELLENT PROJECT: With its usual flair for
excellence, the Council of Jewish Federations has produced
an exceptional and comprehensive educational project on
Russian Jewry for communities and institutions in the
United States and Canada. The project tells the story of
Jews in Russia from ancient times to the present.
The project is intended for American Jews as well asfor
the Jewish immigrants from the Soviet Union. Soviet Jews
know nothing of their .Jewish past, not even of their own
history in the Soviet Union.
The CJF project's purpose is to help the newcomers
from the Soviet Union to this country to locate the Jewish
elements in their own lives — which was eradicated by the
Communist government for more than two decades — and
to establish the common links of a past which American
Jews also share. In this process American-born Jews may
discover new aspects of their own identity as descendants of
Russian Jews who started a mass emigration to the United
States some 100 years ago, after the first pogrom in Russia
in 1881.
PORTRAIT OF RUSSIAN JEWRY: The CJF proj-
ect consists of two 16mm films, a discussion guide to these
films, and two excellent monographs which serve as back-
ground material, one of which presents an historical record
of the Jews in Russia and the other deals with contempor-
ary Jewish identity in the USSR.
The first Jews who settled in the territory now called
Russia came there about 2,700 years ago. They emigrated
from Palestine after the destruction of the Northern King-
dom of Israel and settled in Greek colonies in the Crimea.
There were also the Khazars who controlled the Volga
basin and much of southern Russia whose king converted
the population from paganism to Judaism in 740 CE. The
Khazars lived as Jews for about 300 years until they were
conquered by the emerging Russian state.
RECORD OF PERSECUTIONS: From the material
in the CJF project one learns that Jews, who were a very
small part of the population in the early years of the
emergence of the Russian state, were tolerated until the
mid-15th Century, although negative attitudes prevailed
because they were accused of deicide. The official anti-
Jewish policy, which to a certain extent exists today, was
initiated by Czar Ivan the Terrible in 1555 by stating that
Jews divert Russians from Christianity and were poisoning
Christians. A series of anti-Jewish laws followed.
When Catherine the Great came to power in 1762, the
number of Jews residing in the Russian Empire was still
minimal and the Jewish-issue was therefore of no great
concern. However, during her reign the boundaries of Rus-
sia expanded to include significant parts of Poland,
Lithuania, the Ukraine, Crimea and the Caucasus which
included large concentrations of Jews. The Pale of Settle-
ment was established restricting the Jews to reside in cer-
tain zones, isolating them to a life of poverty in their "shtet-
lakh" and depriving them of certain rights while imposing
upon them the payment of double tax.
Prof. Feinstein reviews in his monograph the anti-
Jewish laws that followed later under Czar Nikolai I, when
Jewish youths of 12 were kidnapped by the authorities in
the shtetlakh and forced to serve 31 years in the army
during which tiley were forced to forget their Jewishness;
when it was forbidden for Jews to employ Christians for any
work; when Jews were prohibited from marrying under the
age of 18 (girls under the age of 16); when synagogues could
not be located in the vicinity of a church; when a special
censorship was introduced on Jewish books, the printing of
which was restricted to three cities — Kiev, Vilna and
Zhitomir; and when other drastic anti-Jewish measures
were promulgated.
The situation of the Jews improved under the reign of
Alexander II, known in history as Czar Liberator. He can-
celled a number of the anti-Jewish laws and even permitted
Jews to enter higher schools of learning. Reactionary
forces, however, assassinated him in 1881 and brought
about the first pogroms on Jews, together with new drastic
anti-Jewish laws which drove many Jews to emigration.
During 1881, after the massive pogrom which began in
the town of Kirovo, some 6,000 Jews emigrated to America.
Five years later the number of Jewish emigrants reached
about 20,000. The number rose each year. After the pogrom
in Kishinev in 1903, the pogroms in other towns which
continued until 1907, Jewish emigration from Russia be-
came a mass emigration ; bringing more than 1,000,000
Jews to the United States by 1910.
EDUCATION FOR U.S. AND SOVIET JEWS: Prof.
Feinstein's monographs bring out, naturally, many facts
about the brutal persecutions of Jews under the Czarist
regime which fell in 1917. They are also full of facts which
throw light on the life of the Jews under the Soviet regime.
■
1 1.
L.2
,
xx>00000(xxxxxx X xxX Xxx x x xXXX ><X>c
Hudson's Gives $5,000 to AJC
As part of its social, cul-
tural and economic enrich-
ment program for the com-
munities in which it oper-
ates, the J.L. Hudson Co.
has contributed $5,000 to
the 1980 Allied Jewish
Campaign.
According to Joseph P.
Bianco, Jr., Hudson's vice
president for civic and gov-
ernmental affairs, the
store's corporate-giving pol-
icy dates back many years.
"As a member of this com-
munity we have a responsi-
bility to help make it a bet-
ter place in which to live,
work and do business," said
Bianco.
Through its operating
profits and the Dayton-
Hudson Foundation, the
Detroit-based retailer an-
During the year, the corn-
nually supports the pro-
grams of charitable and cul- pany is expecting to make
tural non-profit organiza- more than 450 grants to
tions within the market .community-based, non-
profit organizations.
areas served by its stores.
Now at
t-
teo;PetiX
X
ZERO NECKBAND SHIRTS
100% Cotton
4-&
ima
ort'
Solid & Stripes from 527.50
Long Sleeves
31455 Southfield Road
(between 13 & 14 agile)
Phone: 645-5560
Open 9-6 daily (to 5:30 Sat.)
9-9 Thurs
X
X
ample parking/credit cards accepted
X
XXXX)6(X)(XXX)(XXXXXXXXX )(XYX X XXXX
Mueller's egg noodles make kugel
deliciously light!
A I ugel doesn't have to lie like lead in
your stomach.
With Mueller's light-tasting egg noodles
you can create a perfect holiday kugel.
Light. Tender. Delicious.
And Mueller's quality egg noodles have
been a Jewish tradition for generations
because they're so light. (Your grandmother
might have used them in her own kugel!)
For a delicately delicious holiday kugel
your family will love—and for loads of other
holiday dishes—just remember the red,
white and blue colors that say Mueller's
egg noodles.
P.S. Remember to try light Mueller's
spaghetti and macaroni, too!
MI NM
1.11‘
ArCrusty-Topped1
I Noodle Kugel `ow I= IN
teaspoon lemon juice
1 package 18 ounces) cream
I
cheese. sof toned
h-,1 cup parve margarine.
Dash salt
softened
I cups sugar
eggs. Well heat en
8
4 1 .2 cups milk
teaspoons vanilla
2
8 ounces Mueller's egg
noodICS
Upside-Down
Nom=J Noodle Kugel
1
4
cup parve margarine.
2
softened
cup light brok ■ ii sugar
8 slices canned pineapple.
e
rackrr
cup sugar
iz teaspoon stilt
I
Beat together cream cheese and margarine'. add sugar: mix xitell
I
noodles as directed: drain: combine \N it h cheese mixture: pour
into 13"x ity. x 2 " b„ki ng di,h . N1,, gr „h am crac k,„ c ,-,,,„1, ,,,,d
Blend in eggs. Stir in next lour ingredients. Aletin ■ N hile.eook
,,,,,iani,ifi,,,,,•,,,k,,...,,,,,„,0,
nooLlles. Bake at 350 1..;,b ( im 11,
hours oi until browned and crusty on top. Allim to cool tit least
lo minutes: cut ill squares to serge. 10 to 12
!NO . \
mg..
2
L Up raisins
cup chopped nuts
margaritie: sprinkle Stith
Coat a Li' square pat:
sugars C•In pineapple slices in hall: place on sugar mixture. In
large ho\\ I. heat eggs and oil \\ ith next live ingredients. Mean-
hilc.cook noodles as directed: drain: stir into egg mixture.
Add t emai !ling ingredients: toss ■■ ell. Spoon into pan. Bake
40 to 50 minutes at 350' E until set and golden brcmn. Let
stand minutes: loosen %kith spatula and invert over serving
d
NM I= MI MN MI UNE
noodles
cup liner ell) dried fruits
(apricots, prunes. dates)
parve nitirgarine
4
teaspoon grated
lemon rind
cup cooking oil or melted
1C:ISp0011t:11111:1111011
teaspoon cinnamon
tablespoon lemon juice
ounces Mueller's egg
2 eggs
C1111111 1,,
I
I
"2
\ ■ ell drained
cup graham
><
I X
s ',IA
I•11
. all
4 *-*
ngs.
111111 fal
,
0:,
t
.f.Tvtisilaasf
111111111111111