THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS Roots of Zionism, Anti-Semitism, Much More Discussed Friday, January 18, 1980 23 Century's End, Decadence Sensationally Viewed in Vienna Volume - A city, a country, an era; the calamitous and the creative; the sensitive and the venomous — many sub- jects combine to offer the historic cast of characters provided by Prof. Carl E. Schorske in "Fin-de-Siecle Vienna" (Alfred A. Knopf). A titular definition is ap- parent in this unquestiona- bly informative and chal- lenging book. It not only deals with the sensational events and notable per- sonalities at the end of the last century, "fin-de-siecle," it also presents them in a man:ier implying deca- dence. If a reviewer were merely to list the names forming the cast of characters ac- tivated in this volume, it would suffice as an historic presentation. It does more. It interprets. Starting with Vienna's CRAFTSMANSHIP QUALITY - INTEGRITY FOURTH GENERATION TRUST DESIGN CREATIVE 29173 Northwestern Hy., CreatNeJenelers Southfield. MI 48034 / (313) 356-2525 See "THE LEADER" Today Morris Buick IS THE GUY IS THE BUY OPEN MON. & THURS. 9 P.M. WHERE EVERY DAY IS SALE DAY W 7 Mile At Lodge X-Way 1 00 •• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 6800 ORCHARD LAKE ROAD • just south • of Maple • • •. • • • • • • Mayor Victor Adler, going down the line to Richard Beer-Hofmann, Ludwig von Beethoven, Otto von Bismarck, Cap- tain Alfred Dreyfus, Theodor Herzl, Stefan Zweig, Sigmund Freud, Emperor Franz Joseph, Baron Maurice de Hirsch, the Rothschilds, Hugo von Hofmannsthal, William von Humboldt, Ferdinand LaSalle, Gus- tav Mahler, Friedrich Nietzsche, Maurice Ravel, Friedrich Schiller, Arthur Schnitzler, Franz Schubert, Oscar Wilde, Emile Zola and scores of others attest to the emi- nent people and the era under consideration. Dr. Schorske, who is cur- rently professor of history at Princeton University, pro- vides in his volume a study of anti-Semitism. The lead- ing Jew-baiters, who pro- vided legacies for Adolf Hit- ler, appear here in the uni- forms of their army of hat- ers. Surprisingly, the author included Zionism in the form of opposition to Ger- man liberalism because the movement advocated a re- turn to Zion. While the author links the emerging forces, equat- ing the leaders of anti- Semitic movements with the Herzlian approach, this analysis is worth studying: "Other movements re- sulting from the liberal failure to bring the mas- ses into the state repre- sented a far more revolu- tionary break from the tradition of Austrian liberalism and evoked a more traumatic response in the liberal community. These movements were Pan-Germanism, Chris- tian Socialism, and — in answer to both of these — Zionism. • • • • • • • • • • • • composing ideological col- lages — collages made of fragments of modernity, glimpses of futurity, and re- surrected remnants of a half-forgotten past. In lib- eral eyes, these ideological mosaics were mystifying and repulsive, confounding the 'above' with the 'below,' the 'forward' with the 'backward.' CARL SCHORSKE "Against the dry, rational politics of liberalism, the powerful leaders of these movements developed what became known as "the sharper key," a mode of political behavior at once more abrasive, more crea- tive, and more satisfying to the life of feeling than the deliberative style of the lib- erals. "Two leading virtuosi of the new key — Georg von Schonerer of the Pan- Germans and Karl Lueger of the Christian SoCials — became the inspirers and political models of Adolf Hitler. A third, Theodor Herzl, pioneered in provid- ing Hitler's victims with the most appealing and power- ful political response yet devised to the gentile reign of terror. Thus, even before Vienna's intellectuals blazed trails to the 20th Century's higher culture, three of her sons pioneered in its post-rational politics. "Schonerer, Lueger, and Herzl all began their careers as political liberals and then apostasized to or- ganize masses neglected or rejected by liberalism in as- cendancy . 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The references to Herzl and his Zionist dreams and aspirations are especially noteworthy. The author states: "As the political founda- tions of liberalism became eroded and its social antici- pations belied by events, those committed to liberal culture began to seek, new foundations to save its most cherished values. Among them was Theodor Herzl (1860-19041. "He sought to realize a liberal utopia for his people, not on the rationalistic premise of a Schmerling — 'Wissen macht frei (Knowl- edge liberates)" —but out of creative fancy, on the prem- ise of desire, art, and the dream: 'Wollen macht frei (Desiring liberates).' "In Zionism, Herzl con- structed a fitting if ironi- cal monument to the era of liberal ascendancy and a fitting sequel to the awesome work of crea- tive destruction which Schonerer and Lueger had begun." A chapter on Freud is of interest to psychiatrists and to historians who will trace the emerging contributions of the eminent father of psy- chiatry and his Jewish interests. To quote Dr. Schorske: "Sigmund Freud, by fam- ily background, conviction, and ethnic affiliation, be- longed to the group most threatened by the new forces: Viennese liberal Jewry. Though not — or, more accurately, no longer — a political man, Freud watched with anxious interest the rise to power of the New Right both in Au- stria and abroad, especially in the France of the Dreyfus affair. Karl Lueger was his bete noir: Emile Zola. the novelist who championed Dreyfus, his political hero. "Freud needed no specifi- cally political commitment to make him feel the lash of resurgent anti-Semitism; it affected him where he was already hurting — in his professional life. Academic promotions of Jews in the medical faculty became more difficult in the crisis years after 1897. "Freud reported in ironically elliptical bureaucratese the an- swer another Jewish col- league awaiting promo- tion had elicited from a high-placed official, that 'in view of the present state of feeling, it was no dpubt true that, for the moment, His Excellency (the minister of culture) was not in a position etc. etc. ... (to ignore) de- nominational considera- tions.' " Thus, "Fin-de-Siecle Vie- nna" sensationalizes a cen- tury's end that really marked new beginnings in movements that continue to influence mankind. Here is a combination of genius and decadence. The sum total is brilliantly depicted in this very scholarly work. Soviet Emigres Reach Record High in 197gr, NEW YORK JTA) — Jewish emigration from the Soviet Union reached a re- cord high in 1979 with 51,300 persons arriving in Vienna with Israeli entry visas, according to Char- lotte Jacobson, chairman of the Soviet Jewry Research Bureau of the National Con- ference on Soviet Jewry (NCSJ The second largest number of Jews — 34,733 — emigrated from the USSR in 1973. In 1978, more than 29,000 Jews left the Soviet Union. Since 1971, when significant numbers ofJews were allowed to leave to join family, about 227,000 Jews have emigrated. Of those who arrived in Vienna, 17,200 proceeded to Israel; 34,025 (66 per- cent) preferred to settle in other countries, primarily in North America, Mrs. Jacobson reported. Despite the overwhelm- ing increase in emigration. Mrs. Jacobson noted, a slight decline in monthly figures during November and December (4.174 and 4.115. respectively) might indicate foreshadowing of future obstacles in the way of emigration. New Cult Tactic?, NEW YORK — The Na- tional Council of Young Is- rael has issued a warning to synagogues about the possible infiltration of mis- sionaries into their mem- bership. Young Israel reported that a gentile woman, be- lieved to be a member of the Unification Church cult, tried to become a member of Young Israel of Boro Park. Membership w as denied.