Friday, December 28, 1919 21

THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS

Three Galilee Success Stories of Israel's Bedouins

By MOSHE RON

The Jewish News Special
Israel Correspondent

TEL AVIV — The Galilee
Bedouins, who used to wan-
der from place to place with
their animals, were a dif-
ficult problem for the

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British
Mandatory
authorities.
The state of Israel solved
this problem. It built mod-
ern villages, in which today
15,000 Bedouins are living.
In Bir-Al-Maksur there
are 400 families or 4,000
people. There are paved
roads, electricity, water-
installations, telephones,
schools, clinics, etc. Each
family received a lot, 500 by
1,000 square meters,
through long-term loans.
They also got indemnities
for the lands they left.
In 1965, the project was
confirmed. The Israeli
government invested
tens of millions of dollars
in it. The first village was
built between Kiryat-
Tivon and Shfar Am-
Alonim. It was called
Bassmat-Tivon. When the
first experiment suc-
ceeded further villages
were built like Nahal-
Arbel, Nahal-Zalmon,
Arab-El-Armasha, Bir-

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El-Maksur and others.
On a recent trip by Israeli
editors, in Bir-El-Maksur,
we saw little cottages with
modern furniture. Some 800
children attend the school.
There is a modern clinic of
the Histadrut and all of the
inhabitants work in the vic-
inity.
There are dozens of pri-
vate cars, jeeps and tractors.
We visited a workshop
where 30 young Bedouins
are producing linen for bed-
ding.
The mulchtar of the vil-
lage, Abu Hussein, wel-
comed us in fluent Hebrew
and told us about the de-
velopment phases of the vil-
lage. He praised the help of
the Israeli government.
The village has a good
soccer team, which plays
under the labor govern-
ment as "Hapoel Bir-
El-Maksur." It changed
its name under the Likud
government to "Betar-
Bir-El-Maksur." The
older Bedouins protested
that the younger ones
had changed the name
without their consent.
Afterwards we went to
the elegant Jewish town
Carmiel, which was built up
15 years ago. There are
beautiful tall buildings, cot-
tages, gardens and parks.
The energetic Mayor
Baruch Wanger has
turned the town into one
of the most modern and
beautiful new Israeli
towns. The town has
13,000 inhabitants,
among them new immig-
rants from South
America, South Africa,
the U.S., Eastern Europe,
Asia and the Soviet
Union. There is no unem-
ployment in Carmiel.
Most people are em-
ployed in new factories.
The first 100 families,
which came to Carmiel 15
years ago, had to live under
hard conditions. Now there.
are 100 factories and work-
shops and an ulpan with 16
classes in Carmiel. In each
class 25 new olim are learn-
ing Hebrew twice a week.
Most inhabitants have their
own cars.
The relations with the
Arab population are good.
Some 60 percent of the
Jewish population are
young couples and 60 per-
cent of the Jews are immig-
rants.
Mayor Wanger showed us
new development projects
for the town. During the
next 20 years Carmiel's
population should reach
50,000.
It is worthwhile noting
that more than 50 percent of
the population of the
Galilee are Arabs. This con-
stitutes a severe problem for
the state of Israel. The gov-
ernment has decided to do
its utmost to draw new
Jewish inhabitants to this
region by granting them
many facilities and oppor-
tunities in housing and em-
ployment.
At last a compromise was
reached. The football-team
was named "Hapoel-Betar
Bir-El-Maksur."
Then we visited the vil-

lage, Shaab. During the
War for Independence in
1948 the inhabitants of this
village fled to Lebanon and
left the place empty. In
1950, Arabs settled here in
their place. Now the popula-
tion of the village is mixed:
Moslems, Christian Arabs,
Bedouins and Druze.
There are 400 families or
3,000 people. The Bedouins
come from the Hula region
and Damun village. Some
20 percent of them are
laborers, 20 percent peas-
ants, teachers, merchants
and clerks. Many are still
illiterate but some have
finished primary school.
Forty have attended high
school and five percent col-
lege.
The chairman of the vil-
lage council, Afu Faur, is
an energetic man. He
welcomed us in his house
in the traditional man-
ner. He told us, that there
were three kindergartens
in the village, a Histadrut
club, a sports area and a
clinic for pregnant
women and babies. A

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graveyard has been re-
stored.
He thanked the Israeli
government for its help to
develop the village, by
building roads and schools
and supplying electricity
and water. Each family re-
ceived a lot to build an
apartment and five dunams
for gardening and trees.
There are good relations
with the government and
Histadrut.
In the village library we
found many books, includ-
ing the Bible in Hebrew and
Menahem Begin's book
"The Revolt."

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