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THE DETROIT JEWISH NEWS
10 Friday, November 16, 1979
Dolls Reflect Jerusalemites
JERUSALEM — A col-
lection of dolls, reflecting
much of the populace of the
city of Jerusalem, is cur-
rently on exhibit in the
Jerusalem City Museum.
The 'collection contains
66, half-life-size dolls and
echoes similar exhibitions
held at the dame location
during the British Man-
date. Included in the collec-
tion are dolls representing
kaftaned hassids, cassocked
priests and veiled Moslem
women.
The designers have left no
detail of either dress or ac-
cessories unobserved. The
Jewish women from Kur-
distan, for example, have
henna-tinted braids and the
Yeminite women have the
correct embroidery on their
pantaloons.
The Jerusalem City
Museum is located just in-
side the Jaffa Gate.
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By ALLEN A. WARSEN
"Island of Hope, Island of
Tears" by David M.
Brownstone, Irene M.
Franck and Douglas L.
Brownstone (Rawson,
Wade) is the story of the
survivors of the Great Mi-
gration and the record of
Ellis Island, the gateway to
freedom.
The Great Migration, the
authors inform us, began in
the 1880s and lasted until
World War I. During that
period the majority of the
immigrants came from Rus-
sia, Poland, Italy, Greece,
Serbia, Hungary, Bohemia,
Slovakia and Romania.
The immigrants included
Jews who escaped from
Russian pogroms, and
Armenians who fled Tur-
kish persecutions. Typical
examples of immigrant-
survivors follow:
Fannie Kliegman's
family came from a small
town near Kishinev
where in 1903 "pogrom-
mers" murdered 47 and
wounded 592 Jews,
burned 700 homes and
plundered 600 stores.
The Baline family came
from Siberia in 1893. Their
son, Israel, known as Irving
Berlin, the great American
composer and author of
"God Bless America," was
only five years old. One of
his earliest recollections
was the burning of his par-
ents' home in a pogrom.
Ida Mouradian, a Jewess,
was born in Hadjan where
her parents and 50,000
announces FOR THE 1st TIME EVER
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A big thing you have
seems small to you, a small
thing you lack seems big to
you.
Freedom Symbol Ellis Island
Recaptured in 'Island of Hope'
This woman and child
are representative of the
thousands of immigrants
who came through Ellis
Island seeking freedom
and a better life in
America.
* * *
Armenians
were
slaughtered by Turkish
soldiers. Luckily, she was
away from Hadjan at that
time. Thanks to the assis-
tance of the American Am-
bassador to Turkey, she was
permitted to come to the
United States.
The Turkish government
insists that a town named
Hadjan never existed.
Helen Barth's family that
came from Russia at the be-
ginning of this century set-
tled in New York in an Ita-
lian neighborhood. At that
time, New York was divided
into ethnic communities,
and as Helen tells, "The
immigrant was able to walk
up and down and recognize
his landsmen and speak his
own language . . . None of
the immigrants spoke
English. But we had schools
right away on the East Side
. . . How they appreciated
this free schooling and free
tutoring." Years later, Ms.
Barth became the represen-
tative of the Hebrew Im-
migrant Aid Society (BIAS)
on Ellis Island.
The immigrants, it is
important to note, came
to the United States via
the small island located
in upper New York Har-
bor, called Ellis Island.
However, Castle Garden,
under state control, had
been America's first im-
migration arrival center
for almost four decades.
In 1892, it was replaced,
under federal jurisdic-
tion; by Ellis Island.
Castle Garden, the
authors stress, was shot
through with corruption.
They assert, The rationale
for bringing immigration
under federal control and
isolating the immigration
station from the mainland
was an attempt to fight cor-
ruption and to provide pro-
tection and fair treatment
for immigrants."
Yet, Ellis Island is associ-
ated with memories of fear
and horror. The endless
painful medical examina-
tions and the unceasing in-
terrogations the immigrant
underwent will remain a
blot on the history of that
defunct federal institution.
The immigrants, it
should be pointed out, were
examined for mental disor-
ders, physical deformities,
favus (a scalp disease),
tuberculosis, trachoma, and
other defects.
Those who failed to
pass the examinations
were placed "in screened
detention areas clearly
visible to others. From
there they were sent to
special inspection areas
for further examinations,
dormitories for deten-
tion, bathhouses for dis-
infecting and delousing."
Nevertheless, "Some of
the tears at Ellis Island
were tears of joy, for it was a
place of joyful reunion for
husbands and wives, par-
ents and children, brothers
and sisters, separated often
for years."
Among the millions of
immigrants who came to
America by way of Ellis Is-
land were: Felix
Frankfurter, Samuel
Goldwyn, Ben Shahn,
David Dubinsky and
Samuel Chotzinoff.
In 1965, Ellis Island be-
came a national monu-
ment and in 1976 was
reopened to the public.
Finally, helping the
Jewish immigrants were
the two great organizations:
the Hebrew Immigrant Aid
Society (BIAS) and the Na-
tional Council of Jewish
Women.
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Phone TOLL FREE
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(212) 689-7600 Toll Free (800) 223-7676
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